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Transcript
00:00:00Michele De Carli: Let's go and… okay, we start recording.
00:08:150Michele De Carli: All right, so, regulations, okay, I will,
00:12:370Michele De Carli: You have the PowerPoint, I will upload also the other material. Yeah, I will upload also the book. It is in Italian, it's in PDF, okay. And, but I will, I will, put, the, the material in Google.
00:31:780Michele De Carli: So, radial synchron, okay, they are,
00:38:90Michele De Carli: They are based on the water-based solution.
00:42:490Michele De Carli: So, we have water, and we use, one surface, okay, one surface. We transfer the heat from the water to the day. It was a known technology already in, Roman times, okay, for…
01:01:20Michele De Carli: was called Epoch House, too.
01:03:680Michele De Carli: And, this solution also very, widely, extensively used also in the past, also in other areas, okay, like in Korea.
01:13:630Michele De Carli: So, just to mention, if here in Europe we have that 99% or 100% of the buildings of the 70s, okay, or 80s.
01:25:370Michele De Carli: are heated by, by the radiators, okay? 99.9% of, Korean buildings, okay, are heated by radiant systems, okay? So, it was a very… it is a very, traditional solution for, okay?
01:43:550Michele De Carli: And yeah, that is just, you know, some… some, let's say, historical backgrounds, and then they came back in the…
01:55:640Michele De Carli: in Europe, okay, in France, but also here in Italy. But at that time, the problem was that the material that was used for the pipes was mainly iron, okay, and of course, it could, last for,
02:14:950Michele De Carli: for… and there was a problem of corrosion, okay, so that was not an issue. And also.
02:21:480Michele De Carli: as we see, okay, that one of the other problems that they had was that since the buildings were not well insulated, okay, they should work with high temperature, and the high temperature could affect the circulation on nets, okay? So that was the main… these were the main…
02:40:460Michele De Carli: issues. But let's say that from this point of view, it's not yet a problem, because
02:46:650Michele De Carli: the temperature here in Europe, okay, has been reduced to 29 degrees C, okay? So the average temperature that you could have in the occupied area is 29 degrees C. While in the peripheral area, you are around to reach 35 degrees, okay? So you, in case…
03:03:770Michele De Carli: These are the two limiting temperatures that you have on the surfaces.
03:08:50Michele De Carli: Okay, so let's say that in the 90s, okay, they became more… more and more popular, and today they are the most, let's say, the most diffused solution for residential, for new residential, okay?
03:25:840Michele De Carli: So… What, will we see? And of course, in… from the 90s to…
03:33:350Michele De Carli: Today, okay, we have several types of radiant systems that have been developed, proposed, and present in the market. Okay, so, we are going to see the types of radiant systems. We are going to see the…
03:49:740Michele De Carli: the basics of the heat transfer, because this is important to understand how the heat transfer, works with this solution, okay? Because I told you, it's not only an initial system, but it's part of the structure, okay?
04:04:570Michele De Carli: And how to size the systems. Okay, so I will upload the Excel file that you're going to use to size the radio system based on the calculations that we did, just for heating, not for cool, okay? So we…
04:20:200Michele De Carli: This year, you're lucky, okay? We still do just the Italy. Maybe next year, we will do the cooling, okay, but I don't…
04:27:250Michele De Carli: It needs time to set up also the stuff. Okay, so let's have a look at this first part, so the types of systems. So, here you can see how the RES system can work, okay?
04:38:920Michele De Carli: The most popular solution is the underfloor, solution, the silicon floor.
04:48:30Michele De Carli: And in this case, and of course, we have a pipe, okay, embedded in the structure, okay, and in this case, you have the traditional solution, so usually we know
05:02:200Michele De Carli: The finishing material, you have usually 5, 6 centimeters of…
05:08:890Michele De Carli: Okay, that are used for, let's say, or then put your own pocket ice, or the non, like in this case, or you could even use the root, okay, and so on.
05:25:200Michele De Carli: And, so the traditional is 6 liters of sheet concrete, okay?
05:31:890Michele De Carli: But, there are also, okay, they have been proposed a thinner solution, okay, so with smaller, with a smaller thickness, okay?
05:43:100Michele De Carli: Like a reference field, where you could use just 3cm, okay, of screen, or even, I should show some areas you will see.
05:53:680Michele De Carli: So these are thick thinner, okay, so the thickness is really…
05:58:170Michele De Carli: In any case, from time to sort of show, this is
06:03:90Michele De Carli: This solution is looking at pipes.
06:07:500Michele De Carli: In the floor, okay, so below all my feet. This is the floor solution.
06:12:490Michele De Carli: we can add the, radian walls, okay? So, radiant wolves, it means that, basically.
06:19:120Michele De Carli: you have a gypsum board, where the gypsum board, you have some types, and you can actually put them. They are not very…
06:31:270Michele De Carli: frequent, it's not a frequent solution.
06:34:570Michele De Carli: Usually days, these are pretty complicated, while it's…
06:39:110Michele De Carli: The radiant floor is usually built on site, okay, so it's laid down on site, okay? And this is the main difference between the floor
06:49:150Michele De Carli: the board, and also the… also the ceiling you can put, okay, if you eat in the… in the suspended ceiling, you can use the gypsum board, and you can activate the gypsum board by
07:01:770Michele De Carli: by, piles, okay, that are embedded in the script. No, sorry, in the, in the, in the…
07:08:430Michele De Carli: in the Egyptian world, okay, we will see the details, yeah?
07:15:790Michele De Carli: We could have also metal panels, okay? So we could have also metal finishing materials, okay, that can be used.
07:24:100Michele De Carli: Or the so-called tasks that will actively doing so.
07:31:530Michele De Carli: Where, instead of your… Putting the pipes directly into the,
07:38:570Michele De Carli: structural element, okay, so in the full concrete, where you can work with the mass, okay, the internal of the whole, let's say, slab, okay, the structural slab, okay? And we will see…
07:52:190Michele De Carli: We look at them at the end of the systems, okay, Gisha?
08:00:00Michele De Carli: The solution, TAPS, okay, is the most frequent solution in German for atmospherdings.
08:07:460Michele De Carli: Obviously, things today are mainly, I mean, they keep with tabs, okay? There are also some
08:13:600Michele De Carli: examples here in Italy. For instance, the museum M9 in Maestra, okay, is, is conditioned like that.
08:23:530Michele De Carli: So, we could use tabs in Italy, we don't use them. We used in M9 Museum, because the architects were
08:32:330Michele De Carli: And they were forcing to use TAFs, okay?
08:38:59Michele De Carli: But as I said, you can see that they were… we see that they have really big potential.
08:46:510Michele De Carli: All right, so… and I would… I had to say that it is my first love of new research, okay? It's my… already my PhD resource of DAPS, okay? So.
08:55:920Michele De Carli: So it's… it's not a fresh technology, let's say, okay? But let's say that, yeah, in Italy, they didn't have so much success. Okay, so here, okay, this is the catch to represent, and to help you understand.
09:13:970Michele De Carli: what do you have in a typical slab? Okay, so in a typical horizontal structure, okay, and where the, the floor system is located.
09:28:370Michele De Carli: Okay, so first of all, in order to allow the building, I mean, to, to, to, to, to be.
09:36:770Michele De Carli: to be able to walk on the building and to host the furniture and everything, okay? You have the structure as well. Okay, so you need a horizontal structure and,
09:50:670Michele De Carli: element, okay, which is usually between 20 and 30 centimeters, okay? So this is the usual thickness of the structural element, okay, which is needed because
10:03:40Michele De Carli: As the meeting room, but, the,
10:07:620Michele De Carli: And here you can see, typical ways that this,
10:15:360Michele De Carli: structural star. Okay, here you can see this is a foot of grid, okay, so you can see the IRL cages, okay, that are…
10:23:860Michele De Carli: link together, and then you put the concrete, and the concrete will then host the ionage, and the concrete, and the iron cage will lead to the structural, okay, let's say, response.
10:38:90Michele De Carli: And we resist to the laws of the meeting and what is society, okay?
10:44:520Michele De Carli: Here you see another type of slam, okay? So the slam.
10:50:20Michele De Carli: Pulled on this leg is perfect, okay? Perfectly resistant, but…
10:55:330Michele De Carli: there is, one, negative point that it is heavy. So, if, you have two concrete.
11:04:760Michele De Carli: then this slab would be heavier, and that means that you will need larger, okay, rivers, okay, in the vertical, let's say, the vertical elements that are used for, for, for resist to the loads of the building, okay, there's, like.
11:23:250Michele De Carli: Oop?
11:24:30Michele De Carli: They need to be, larger, and of course, if you are in,
11:30:890Michele De Carli: In such materials, okay, that will be even faster. But it's not a problem to build them with the full concrete, but you need to pick up.
11:40:800Michele De Carli: So, in… historically, okay, like here in Italy, the… the strata, the horizontal strata, had been, filled with lighting materials, like,
11:52:590Michele De Carli: bricks, or, police stealing, okay? So, the slab could be a little bit larger, okay?
12:01:210Michele De Carli: And, why I'm saying that? Because this is one of the negative points that didn't allow the pads to be, okay, very focused, because usually they are used when you have a group of stuff, okay?
12:18:440Michele De Carli: Anyway, this is the structural slide. This is the structural slide, so it means that this is
12:25:520Michele De Carli: done in order, persist to the laws of A2D.
12:29:70Michele De Carli: We want to have the building,
12:36:100Michele De Carli: Resistant drugs.
12:38:550Michele De Carli: Then?
12:39:540Michele De Carli: you are… you have to install all the plants, okay? You need the sewage plan, so cold lab, okay, should be then installed on the structural slab, okay? So you need the sewage pipes, the cold distribution pipe, cold water, that's the output of water, okay, for…
12:59:270Michele De Carli: For different uses, we would, do…
13:02:420Michele De Carli: to host the dots, the corrugated ducts for the electric plant, okay? You need to host the sequence of the heating and cooling,
13:16:630Michele De Carli: systems, okay? And you usually lay them on the structural stand. So, what you should do.
13:24:460Michele De Carli: In order to provide, okay, that the finishing is not perfectly…
13:30:900Michele De Carli: horizontal, okay? Then you usually use 10-15 centimeters of light filming, okay? So you use concrete with light elements on top, okay?
13:43:730Michele De Carli: In order to have a, okay, like, brain, where you then can, okay, print down a descriptor, okay, for hosting the functionality.
13:54:370Michele De Carli: Okay, so usually this is, lighting material and a light concrete material, okay, which is basically concrete, filled with any kind of, light, wind,
14:09:610Michele De Carli: lightweight, Not media, could be policing, could be…
14:20:30Michele De Carli: Okay, so, I mean, so, light, okay, so that you… they should resist mechanically, okay, but they don't, they don't. The wave is not, okay?
14:38:300Michele De Carli: So,
14:40:850Michele De Carli: So then, once you have a field with… once you have these 10 to 15 centimeters of light concrete layer, okay, then you can… okay.
14:53:30Michele De Carli: put what you could… in ancient times, you used directly, so you used directly these 6 centimeters of oak rit. But what is the problem of old buildings? That if you walk.
15:06:930Michele De Carli: No? You can hear, okay, the people, okay, the staffing of the people, are not, above your own, okay? So, what you should do, you should, use…
15:21:510Michele De Carli: insulation, acoustic insulation, in order to reduce this… this kind of noise, okay? Usually, you use, like, rubber or elastic material in order to reduce, okay, this…
15:36:930Michele De Carli: And, of course, you can also…
15:41:310Michele De Carli: What you do, you can also use…
15:44:190Michele De Carli: Demonstration, because if you then use the pipes, okay, in order to hit the, the upper room.
15:53:710Michele De Carli: you want to, okay, reduce the glasses to the lower room, okay? So you need to put the turbine insulation about 3cm of turbine insulation, okay? This would be the usual decrease of an insulation.
16:10:130Michele De Carli: So, you put the insulation, okay? If you use fiber insulation, then it's also good for acoustic, but if it's a region insulation, then you need to use some elastic material in order to reduce the taping off, okay?
16:26:860Michele De Carli: And then, on top, you can lay down the pipes with this 6cm speed, and then on top, you go to the finish line setting.
16:35:730Michele De Carli: Okay, so this is how the structure, okay, the horizontal structure is okay. So, structure is there, light-filling material, light layer, complete layer, in order to host the plants, okay? And then, you have the insulation.
16:53:640Michele De Carli: scale with the pipes and finishing up. So, let's say that you have 3 centimeters, I mean, from the internal point of view, what you are interested in is the 3 centimeters of insulation that you have below the pipes.
17:09:589Michele De Carli: The pipes, the concrete, okay, and the finishing material, okay? And the heat transfer will be between the water in the pipe and, of course, the
17:20:440Michele De Carli: Of course, you will have some
17:23:210Michele De Carli: which will be… which will go towards, okay? This is the…
17:29:30Michele De Carli: And by the losses that, yeah, also with the tools, okay, so in order to avoid that, you can… you can increase the…
17:37:730Michele De Carli: the, the restrictions.
17:41:790Michele De Carli: Okay, so this is how you do, okay? And, what is important?
17:48:490Michele De Carli: Okay, to remember, you can see this parameter strip, this parameter strip is used on one end for reducing the depth of noise, because all the strip has to be, let's say, mechanically
18:03:10Michele De Carli: They coupled, okay, with the other structures, the instructors and the walls.
18:11:750Michele De Carli: And on the other side, this perimetral material, which is an elastic material, okay, can allow the, okay, heating and cooling, okay, stresses, okay, so when you heat.
18:25:200Michele De Carli: the floor, the floor will expand. If you then don't heat or cool the floor, then you have a contraction, and this perimeter strip
18:35:610Michele De Carli: will allow this expansion and contraction partly of the sledding.
18:41:240Michele De Carli: Okay, and alright, so…
18:45:810Michele De Carli: So, actually, as I told you, right?
18:50:900Michele De Carli: And… If you do that, you increase justice left, so as long as enough that they like that, actually.
18:58:480Michele De Carli: Anywhere you go.
19:00:20Michele De Carli: the slender below, you have the insulation, okay? You have the pipeline, you have the screen, the screen is, let's say, embedded in the screen, the pipes, okay?
19:16:700Michele De Carli: And then you have the vertical seizure. Okay, so…
19:19:740Michele De Carli: 3cm is the insulation thickness if you have a heated space. If you have unheated space, or if your floor is towards the outside, okay, like…
19:35:590Michele De Carli: Pretty simple today?
19:39:550Michele De Carli: outer condition, okay? Then you have to increase the insulation here in order to evapor, or to increase the resistors, to reduce the resistance, because then the detective will be higher, and we have two phases that have to be…
19:57:360Michele De Carli: So, just to, just to have some rough figures, okay, usually the screen is between 3 to 5 centimeters, 6 centimeters, okay?
20:09:810Michele De Carli: the insulation layer from 3 to 7. And, yes, depending on the thickness of the screen, you could use
20:18:860Michele De Carli: 80 millimeters by the external diameter, or 15 millimeters by, okay? But if you're hanging smaller, thickness, okay.
20:30:960Michele De Carli: Why? Because usually you need some minimum thickness between the top of the pipe and the finishing up. You need some…
20:43:370Michele De Carli: some, some thickness, okay, in order to avoid any mechanic fracture, okay? Of course, if the skin is bigger, then we might have some…
20:56:550Michele De Carli: Samurai.
20:58:830Michele De Carli: Some, tractor, okay, that probably goes up there.
21:02:800Michele De Carli: Because this lady is not able, okay, to fully, face develop, like you had on top of it.
21:11:750Michele De Carli: Okay, the old standard was the 1264, now I don't remember exactly the name, doesn't matter, okay? And you can see this is how inter… so these are, let's say, rough figures, okay? Of course, you have to think about vector.
21:30:800Michele De Carli: This, imagine that you had a read rule, right?
21:36:80Michele De Carli: So in the traditional system, okay, so in the 90s, the regular system that had been proposed, okay, were with this critical
21:48:100Michele De Carli: Dimension, so you have 3 centimeters insulation.
21:54:430Michele De Carli: 3 centimeters. Then you have 6 centimeters of streeter.
22:03:80Michele De Carli: Sounds cleaned up.
22:06:670Michele De Carli: And the… 3 missions a year.
22:12:540Michele De Carli: Which was around about 1cm. So, 3 plus 6 plus 1 is to 10 centimeters. Okay, so 10 centimeters thickness for the same.
22:25:770Michele De Carli: all the, all this stuff in a new building. It's not a problem.
22:31:260Michele De Carli: Okay, but of course, if you go in an existing building.
22:35:530Michele De Carli: And you need to consider that you might have, really, all the… the height in residential building is 2.7 meters, okay?
22:46:390Michele De Carli: This is the residential height, okay, which you are allowed to use for being paid for your permit, okay, in the municipalities, okay?
23:00:110Michele De Carli: So imagine that you have an open with 2.73.
23:06:260Michele De Carli: You first, okay, and you want to refurbish your flat.
23:11:440Michele De Carli: and you want to use the radiant system, okay, then you must have progress, okay, in order to
23:19:960Michele De Carli: to install a radio system, okay? So that is why…
23:25:730Michele De Carli: That is why, I mean, we are still… so that is why, in the past, okay, in the last 20 years, especially in the beginning of 2000, there was a great research in order to reduce the thickness of the radial system, especially for reflishment, okay, for…
23:44:500Michele De Carli: Prophets? Okay, today.
23:46:910Michele De Carli: You are allowed, if you are a farming machine, a building, okay, you are allowed to have smaller height than 2.7. Okay, so…
23:57:240Michele De Carli: But still, okay, so what we are going to see is that, as we can… as we see, okay, the typical… the types of technologies that have been introduced in the market, okay, looking at the thickness of the material, were mainly based for retrofits, okay?
24:17:160Michele De Carli: Okay, bah, okay, I think we can stop here, okay, and we come back. Okay, on Tuesday, we have no lecture, okay, so on Tuesday, there is no lecture.
24:30:140Michele De Carli: I don't know if, for the ones who are doing refrigeration technology, they will do the lecture. It's up to them, okay?
24:41:500Michele De Carli: I wanted to make an exchange, but Friday is…
24:45:490Michele De Carli: 1st of May, so next Friday. So we will have… just…
24:53:200Michele De Carli: No, we will have two days, okay? So, Wednesday and Thursday next week, okay? So, no later next Tuesday, 28th, we meet on 29th. Don't have lecture on, Tuesday also for invitation.
25:10:210Michele De Carli: Tuesday, we only have… No, I don't know if you will have. I told them that the room is free, if they want to anticipate, if they want to do the letter on Tuesday instead, because Friday they will have. Okay, Friday. Okay? They are free, but they will decide. If you have no news.
25:29:310Michele De Carli: Okay?
25:30:420Michele De Carli: Alright.
25:32:450Michele De Carli: All right, so see you on Wednesday.
25:35:830Michele De Carli: Sorry, just a moment, right? No, no, I will stop the recording.
25:46:390Michele De Carli: Pardon me?