Assistente AI
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00:00:650Michele De Carli: So, we will start now with some delay.
00:06:730Michele De Carli: Brake of course. Sorry.
00:09:550Michele De Carli: I do that, let's do it this way.
00:15:450Michele De Carli: Okay? Duplica, yes, duplicate.
00:23:160Michele De Carli: Okay? Lubricant, stainlessly.
00:34:690Michele De Carli: Zoom?
00:36:750Michele De Carli: Okay, okay, sorry.
00:40:00Michele De Carli: Of course, white gold, so of course, white and white, so I couldn't see that. Okay, alright, so,
00:48:890Michele De Carli: Yeah, so today we are going to talk about the mass balance, okay? As I told you in the last days, we could split the problem in two, okay, into two problems. One is the sensible load that we have seen. We have seen how to calculate the
01:07:170Michele De Carli: peak power for heating, and also how to calculate the peak power for cooling, okay? So…
01:15:310Michele De Carli: We have seen these problems in desired conditions, okay. Now, and of course, what we did was just considering
01:28:930Michele De Carli: to the walls, and due to ventilation, but just on the temperature, from the temperature point of view. So we didn't look at the paper, okay, which is, of course, an important tissue, an important tissue as we are going to see today.
01:45:190Michele De Carli: On the other, so that was for heating. For cooling, we have seen the effect of the upper coils, the effect of solar radiation coming from the windows, and the internal gains, and, and,
02:02:870Michele De Carli: And also, ventilation, but just the sensible part. So, what we're going to talk, today is the vapor,
02:11:560Michele De Carli: That's okay.
02:12:820Michele De Carli: Vapor balance, which means that we have to consider the fact that here, as you know, is, can be, can be ideally, but also physically okay, and practically, considered as,
02:28:440Michele De Carli: composed by two, let's say, main components. One is the, the, the…
02:35:20Michele De Carli: the different, gases that, are, are providing the dry part of the, of this, of, the, the mixer of here. And on the other side, we have the vapor, so the water, okay?
02:51:560Michele De Carli: in vapor phase that we have on… in the air. So right now, what we are going to see is how to manage the vapor and how to, let's say, consider the vapor content in a building. For doing that.
03:06:920Michele De Carli: We have to, first of all, think about if it works. We have to, let's say, introduce, okay?
03:13:660Michele De Carli: we have to introduce the different vapor sources that we have. So, of course, if we bring some outer air into a building, the outer air has a certain content of vapor.
03:28:860Michele De Carli: We will talk about mainly… we have to think about the absolute value, okay, of the vapor content, which could be, let's say, handled either as pressure, partial pressure on the vapor, or as, let's say, the
03:47:890Michele De Carli: humidity ratio, okay? So that means the ratio between the amount of vapor, the mass of vapor that we have.
03:54:740Michele De Carli: In a deer, and the overall mass of the deer.
04:00:910Michele De Carli: Now,
04:06:750Michele De Carli: This is the, what we can, consider as, when we, when we think about, crap.
04:19:440Michele De Carli: First of all, of course, one of the first vapor sources that we have in the buildings is, as we have seen, for pollution.
04:27:930Michele De Carli: human, okay? So, so people, they, okay, are responsible when they breathe, and also by the… by the skin, and they are, producing some vapor, okay? And…
04:42:850Michele De Carli: So, if we consider, let's say, buildings like office buildings, universities, schools, and so on, we can consider just the persons as the resources. When we look at different… at other buildings, like, for instance, residential buildings.
05:03:170Michele De Carli: and residential buildings, okay. Then we have to consider also the other vapor sources. So, which are the vapor sources? Well, of course, cooking is one of the
05:18:120Michele De Carli: of the, of the, of the possible, source of, vapor, okay? Dishwashing also is, another.
05:30:840Michele De Carli: You know, the,
05:33:360Michele De Carli: source, okay, computer. Of course, when we, take a shower, we are emitting some people, and…
05:43:950Michele De Carli: Also, okay, washing and drying foods, okay? So, these are all activities that we have usually in buildings, in residential, and on average, you can consider.
05:56:280Michele De Carli: This kind of people.
05:59:90Michele De Carli: So, you could, in principle, consider a certain scheduling of the vapor production, okay, if you want.
06:08:170Michele De Carli: For instance, here, doing the dynamic calculation, but in our case, we just consider, that is, of course, important, I will
06:17:440Michele De Carli: I'll drive over it.
06:18:840Michele De Carli: let's say, explain a little bit more in detail this concept, okay? So, we are going to consider the average, or let's say.
06:30:810Michele De Carli: the daily production of vapor, okay, which is, the, at the end, the average vapor rate, okay, so the vapor
06:41:660Michele De Carli: production that we might consider on average. So, without considering, let's say, the different… in the different hours, different shape or, let's say, pattern of vapor production, okay?
06:54:630Michele De Carli: Why? Because the residential buildings, okay, at the end, we,
07:01:180Michele De Carli: we usually try to consider average conditions, okay? Why? Because in buildings, we are not really… we do… we do not really know in detail the behavior of people, the…
07:17:00Michele De Carli: How people… and who is going to live in a certain building, and so on.
07:24:70Michele De Carli: So we should consider average values. Why? Because, on one side, we…
07:32:160Michele De Carli: can estimate the average behavior of people, okay, of occupancy in the buildings. On the other side, we are not going to oversize the systems, okay? This is particularly important in residential buildings, because otherwise the cost of the HVAC in a residential building
07:52:610Michele De Carli: Okay, we'll, we'll, we'll rise.
07:56:680Michele De Carli: So, here you see the, daily average rate.
08:04:310Michele De Carli: Death?
08:05:250Michele De Carli: rate, sorry, of the, of, residential. Okay, so we have… They…
08:17:530Michele De Carli: you can see, okay, of course, depends on the, as I told you, the occupancy layer, so depending on the type of activity that they have, okay, so if they use
08:28:740Michele De Carli: let's say, less or more in the evening, okay? So if they spend more, so more or less time in the evening, so if they cook twice, if they…
08:38:419Michele De Carli: are always in the buildings and so on, okay? You could expect to have a reliable, humidity, okay? So, these are, let's say, kilograms per day, meters per day of water, okay, which is, which is emitted inside the building inside the hole.
08:56:860Michele De Carli: space, okay?
08:58:630Michele De Carli: And in this… in this case, you can see that depending on the…
09:04:450Michele De Carli: number of persons that you can expect, okay, you could have different medical return. This is the average value that you could consider, okay, without, without, let's say, knowing how many people are. If you want to be more
09:20:190Michele De Carli: If you want to consider a more conservative hypothesis, you could use the high rate.
09:27:480Michele De Carli: In any case, you can see that, on average, okay, if we expect to have, like, a family of, let's say, 4 people, we could expect to have around about 10 liters per day, okay, of, vapor. These values
09:44:250Michele De Carli: They include all the paper, sources, okay, so they include people, cooking, washing, and so on. And in this case, you can see that average rate of immunity is what you would consider.
10:02:890Michele De Carli: So, now.
10:04:830Michele De Carli: This is what happens inside of the building. So the building, again, we are not looking in detail, nor…
10:13:670Michele De Carli: the, neither the vapor distribution over the time, nor the vapor distribution in the space. So we are just considering just one volume, okay, void volume, the whole home is considered as a volume, unique volume, okay.
10:31:320Michele De Carli: If we have more generation rate in one place or in another, it doesn't matter, everything will be mixed up, because we have no time, no money, usually, to make so detailed analysis, okay?
10:48:520Michele De Carli: Well, I don't know, maybe you are able to get more money than expected, but usually, on average, you are not that much money to make sophisticated calculations, okay? So, or you could do sophisticated calculations, but most probably, you are not paid to do that, okay? So.
11:08:90Michele De Carli: It's up to you if you want to, you would like.
11:11:340Michele De Carli: Okay, anyway, also, we have no time to go too much in detail in the course, okay? So, considering all these aspects, okay, this is what happens in a bit. And as we have seen.
11:24:440Michele De Carli: We have people, we're heating, we have a shower, okay? So we have the different generation of people. We consider the home.
11:35:400Michele De Carli: the sum of these generational rates of people, and we consider the average rate. So, we consider, let's say, steady state calculation based on average score.
11:49:860Michele De Carli: Okay? It's not a main issue for the outer temperature, because usually we have seen, especially in… well, this is also in the winter, but especially in summer, we have seen that we have
12:03:890Michele De Carli: a variable temperature over the day, okay, in the design day conditions, but usually you have fixed humidity ratio, okay? So, as we have seen, the design conditions are
12:15:600Michele De Carli: given for, the, string of temperature, okay, so the, the, the, the variation of temperature, and you are, given the maximum outlet temperature and the delta P, okay, for
12:31:950Michele De Carli: for design conditions. Then we have seen the function which allows to, to draw the pattern. Okay.
12:41:200Michele De Carli: And usually, at the maximum, also, where you've got the dew point, or, sorry, not the viewpoint, the warm temperature, or, let's say, the same, you know that. When you have two, when you have two…
12:58:30Michele De Carli: coordinates, let's say, when you have two variables, okay, you have, you are quite, the… just one condition, okay? So, usually, you have the, mid,
13:09:780Michele De Carli: As we have here, we have 34 degrees C, and 40% of gravity outward. Okay, so the temperature, outer temperature could change, okay? Sorry.
13:21:200Michele De Carli: That outer temperature could change from, let's say, 34 to 33, okay, but on average, we could consider to have fixed the unit direction, okay, so X, the meditation kilograms.
13:35:900Michele De Carli: of air, okay, it's fixed through the day, okay? So, it's not a problem if we consider energy condition, because the outer conditions, they are in the same
13:49:720Michele De Carli: in fixed, okay, condition regard to the… humidity-rich, okay?
13:57:850Michele De Carli: Good. Now, what will happen if we consider this, let's say, with the whole volume and the average, vector rate, okay? This is what happens. We have, sub there entering.
14:13:750Michele De Carli: Every week, okay? With a certain content of, vapor, okay, so with ratio, okay?
14:25:130Michele De Carli: If we have outer air, this is the…
14:30:670Michele De Carli: humidity ratio that we have, right? Okay, if we have a near-hand medium, okay, then this, this,
14:39:830Michele De Carli: The immediate choke and be different from the outer, okay, let me finish.
14:45:860Michele De Carli: In any case, we will have one value for the movie direction, which is the inlet direction of the…
14:54:240Michele De Carli: You have air, okay. Of course, as we have seen in the sacramentary theory.
15:01:210Michele De Carli: The amount of… the amount of airplane is much smaller than the mass
15:08:800Michele De Carli: of dry air, okay? So we could consider that the mas flow rate is basically the air mass flow rate, without considering
15:22:200Michele De Carli: the, the, the grams of vapor inside, okay? So, when we write GA is what we consider the air mass flow rate.
15:37:10Michele De Carli: the humidity ratio, okay, can be written in this way, or in kilograms of water per kilograms of air, okay? So usually, if we use the psychrometry chart, we use
15:52:180Michele De Carli: The grams of paper per kilogram over there, okay, if we are working with equations, then usually we use this, okay, this unit as, because then everything is related to the kilogram, and…
16:09:80Michele De Carli: Easier for doing better activities testing the next one.
16:13:330Michele De Carli: Good. Now,
16:15:960Michele De Carli: The mass flow rate is flat flow, so it's mass varying by time, and the mass flow rate, GA, okay, can be either written in kilograms of air.
16:31:220Michele De Carli: per second, or you need kilograms, Oh, dear.
16:37:920Michele De Carli: Tao, okay?
16:39:870Michele De Carli: So usually, when we consider the
16:43:280Michele De Carli: power calculation, we use kilograms per second, okay, because then…
16:47:740Michele De Carli: We're limited in the power, case of the energy.
16:51:30Michele De Carli: And so, but, we could, in principle, okay, use also the kilograms per hour, okay?
17:00:100Michele De Carli: So, the ground… the rate can be, then expressed in grams, or kilograms.
17:13:200Michele De Carli: of vapor per second, and kilograms per second. Sorry, kilograms of vapor.
17:21:780Michele De Carli: fair habit. Okay, so… It is not important. When you route this,
17:28:580Michele De Carli: when you're fulfilling the balance of the report, it is not important, let's say. If you use seconds or hour as base for the time, what is important is that they are consistent, okay? So, if you use kilograms per second for the airflow rate, then you use
17:47:520Michele De Carli: grams or kilograms per second for the paper. If you use kilograms per hour for the
17:55:860Michele De Carli: Basil rate for here, you use kilograms per grams of vapor per hour, cool.
18:01:320Michele De Carli: Okay?
18:02:620Michele De Carli: So… In one case or another.
18:06:550Michele De Carli: This is what you consider. So basically, you have
18:10:80Michele De Carli: Pressure entering with a certain level of the form, represented by the pressure.
18:16:910Michele De Carli: Anthony?
18:18:340Michele De Carli: the air mixed up, okay, so the vapor, let's say, mixed up with the ink and the air, and of course, by absorbing the vapor which is generated into the moon, okay, your vapor content that you have in the moon will be higher than the
18:37:510Michele De Carli: They broke up, and they are in the supply into the room, okay? So, the air entering the room.
18:44:900Michele De Carli: Whatever value of X of limitation. You will have, okay, Henry.
18:52:80Michele De Carli: Due to the vapor generation that you don't have, Cop?
18:58:250Michele De Carli: In this case, you will have, okay, an increase of focal.
19:04:560Michele De Carli: And the amount of vapor that you will get in the room will be considered as uniform, okay? And it will be the
19:14:00Michele De Carli: In our urinary pressure, which will result from the
19:18:940Michele De Carli: Mixing up of the vapor directly inside of the room and the impact.
19:25:390Michele De Carli: So, this is ERSA.
19:27:480Michele De Carli: So, in other words, what we are going to… what we're saying is that the amount of generation
19:35:920Michele De Carli: Or the vapor, so the vapor rate that you are considering is… Damn.
19:44:720Michele De Carli: masquerade, say, in, for instance, in kilograms of air yourself, huh? Thighs, they…
19:56:700Michele De Carli: The validity ratio that you have in the rule, okay, the resulting validity ratio, techniques.
20:05:150Michele De Carli: Or the vapor into the air.
20:08:990Michele De Carli: Okay, Marlos de… Incoming… I mean, kilograms, in case we, work with kilograms.
20:18:260Michele De Carli: Of course, so… Okay, per second.
20:25:540Michele De Carli: So…
20:30:450Michele De Carli: X is the humidity ratio, okay, so the delta X that we have is kilograms of the important value by kilograms
20:37:780Michele De Carli: of air, okay? So what I'm doing here is to check what happens when we multiply the transfer rate of air times the humidity ratio, okay? And as a result, we have
20:51:990Michele De Carli: Okay, in fact, the vacuum rate, okay? So, we can see that the… as the veto rate that we have in the room.
21:05:100Michele De Carli: is the mass flow rate of the air entering the room, okay?
21:11:180Michele De Carli: Times the difference between the resulting humidity ratio that you get in the room.
21:20:190Michele De Carli: Minus the… so the difference between this and the income.
21:27:660Michele De Carli: PDF?
21:29:130Michele De Carli: He's not here.
21:33:170Michele De Carli: So, this is clear, then this equation comes in with the attribute, okay? Because you…
21:40:190Michele De Carli: If this is true, okay, then…
21:43:50Michele De Carli: Usually, the paper generation is…
21:47:740Michele De Carli: You assume it, okay, so what we have seen in the previous table, we could fix one value, Okay?
21:55:490Michele De Carli: The, the, the incoming manipulation is provided by the outdoor weather conditions. These are conditions.
22:08:10Michele De Carli: They… airflow rate.
22:13:780Michele De Carli: Mission.
22:16:590Michele De Carli: Half-year change rate, half your change rate, okay.
22:19:780Michele De Carli: And then, what we need to estimate is the…
22:26:00Michele De Carli: Sorry, but the validation that we have inside. So, the validation that we have inside is the Base?
22:35:330Michele De Carli: Value of the incoming immunity ratio, which is… this is the base Let's see.
22:41:840Michele De Carli: Base load or base humidity ratio.
22:44:630Michele De Carli: plus B, if we, if we do, if we, if we get that.
22:48:700Michele De Carli: It's important.
22:52:290Michele De Carli: My simple calculation is the generation rate of a top divided by the Not sprayed off.
23:02:110Michele De Carli: Okay?
23:07:50Michele De Carli: So here we have, let's say, two cases, okay? So if this is true, then this is the question that we're going to use, okay, for the different case studies that we are going to see.
23:16:590Michele De Carli: And we are, we could have, we'd say,
23:24:550Michele De Carli: Okay. So, we could have, it was different.
23:35:430Michele De Carli: If you look at it.
23:36:770Michele De Carli: Okay, sorry. This is, yeah, because I…
23:42:180Michele De Carli: Yesterday, I named it a different way Xin, okay, so that was… Okay, shall I stop.
23:49:140Michele De Carli: So, if we are dead, Outer air entering in, then the…
23:56:470Michele De Carli: It's in, and the meditation that is entering is the outer meditation, okay? In case we handle here, imagine that we are putting the fan here, or if we are supplying some vapor, okay, then the, we will have a different material compared to the outer.
24:15:990Michele De Carli: Okay, let me send the two options there.
24:21:300Michele De Carli: Okay, now let's have a look at the inter condition. So, let's start with, let's say, inter conditions. So, we consider a rule which is described by 8,
24:33:640Michele De Carli: Which is the same, house that we consider for the calculation for the
24:41:290Michele De Carli: For the winter, design conditions, okay, for the public.
24:46:680Michele De Carli: We are… we are… we consider the roughly saying 3 meters, okay, as, as height, as about an argument of,
24:56:980Michele De Carli: The height usually is 2.7 here in Italy, okay? But let's consider roughly, roughly speaking, 3 meters as height.
25:07:200Michele De Carli: And this is what we have. The, we consider, a mass flow, not a mass flow rate, but the flow rate, okay, in terms of A changes per hour of half.
25:21:740Michele De Carli: Apply a change rate, okay.
25:26:840Michele De Carli: We consider, as we have seen, 10 kilograms, 10 liters per day as average, let's say, production, okay, of vapor.
25:37:310Michele De Carli: And what we are going to use is this equation that we have seen, okay, before, in the slide before. Outdoor condition, okay, we could consider, okay.
25:49:850Michele De Carli: 3.5 kilograms… sorry, grams of paper per kilograms of dry air. Okay, here, we consider not really the design conditions, okay, but we consider, let's say, an average condition in, let's say.
26:05:180Michele De Carli: Called Nikkoma, so roundabout, slightly above zero degrees C, okay? And… Relatively high, relatively high.
26:15:830Michele De Carli: Okay, so what we post here, basically, is, let's say, 1 degree and 95% of… 90% of ground.
26:24:210Michele De Carli: Okay, so, what could you expect with these conditions in the room, okay? So, in the room, we have to consider the… we have to, let's say,
26:40:110Michele De Carli: We have to…
26:43:680Michele De Carli: the deride the mass flow rate from the air change rate, okay? So, the mass flow rate is the air change rate times the volume, this is
26:56:820Michele De Carli: kilometer per hour, okay? That's the density, okay. Again, we keep kilograms per hour, I told you, it doesn't matter what you use, okay? We have to be consistent, okay? We could…
27:09:270Michele De Carli: You could get the same results if you try… if you… if you… if you calculate the… the muscle rate in kilograms per second, okay, but in this case, we will consider both the…
27:22:450Michele De Carli: National rate of year, and the generation rate per hour, okay, is time.
27:28:670Michele De Carli: Take this time at home.
27:31:680Michele De Carli: As a time, preference.
27:35:110Michele De Carli: So…
27:36:530Michele De Carli: Then we have that 0.5, which are the air change rates, times the volume, 288, times 1.2, the density of the air. I told you, we just consider 1.2, usually, as fixed value, okay?
27:52:890Michele De Carli: For the density, and we have 173 kilograms per hour. This is the master rate that we have in case we consider 0.5 as a change rate. So, we can then…
28:08:330Michele De Carli: Calculate the resulting in… sorry, the resulting indoor humidity ratio.
28:17:140Michele De Carli: Before doing that, we had to, we had to…
28:21:700Michele De Carli: then the, vaporation, sorry, the vaporated, in pairs of, kilograms of gallons per hour, okay? So, we consider the 10 kilograms over the day, so we divide by 24, as I told you, we are just considering analog conditions, okay?
28:41:450Michele De Carli: And, that leads to, let's say, in grams per day per hour, because when we are going to move into the diagram, okay, so we keep grams per day per hour. Doesn't matter, we put
28:55:300Michele De Carli: poor dealer.
28:57:400Michele De Carli: What is important is that you have power, okay, on the bottom of the… All the request for me.
29:03:970Michele De Carli: This is, okay, more or less.
29:07:390Michele De Carli: About half a liter power, okay, that we have, okay, that we are emitting, okay, in the room, okay, back in the volume of theta.
29:18:310Michele De Carli: On that page.
29:23:20Michele De Carli: So, the resulting humidity ratio is then 3.5, the humidity ratio of the outside.
29:31:550Michele De Carli: Plus, the ratio between the generational rate, the vapor rate, sorry, and the mass flow rate. So, which leads to, let's say, about 6 grams of vapor per kilogram of the air.
29:47:560Michele De Carli: Now, if we go and check what happens, okay, when we consider, 20 degrees C,
29:57:410Michele De Carli: as the indoor temperature. We are in winter, and we consider, what did we have?
30:04:460Michele De Carli: 6, 6, okay, 6.
30:07:940Michele De Carli: Yes, this is 6, okay, so this is 5, so this is 6, okay, so this is…
30:13:930Michele De Carli: Let's say the case of 0.5.
30:17:600Michele De Carli: air change rate, okay? Okay.
30:28:70Michele De Carli: Sorry, just a minute.
30:33:110Michele De Carli: Okay. No, it's okay.
30:37:910Michele De Carli: So, here, okay, the relative humidity is 40%, okay? So, we can see that, on average, Damn.
30:47:100Michele De Carli: On average, then if we have an average amount of, if we consider a medium rate of vapor.
30:58:590Michele De Carli: And if we have…
31:00:300Michele De Carli: Half the change rate, okay, the relative humidity is, okay, fine, okay, 40% is the relative value of relative.
31:09:590Michele De Carli: Okay.
31:11:330Michele De Carli: You made… for the ones of you who made energy, okay, you remember that if you have too high relative humidity, that might be a problem for surface condensation. Okay, so…
31:24:160Michele De Carli: By providing, half the change rate, okay.
31:28:480Michele De Carli: Considering the average, production of vapor that you might have never mean, okay, that we keep the field, and that means there's more risk than your own risk exporting.
31:40:210Michele De Carli: And just understand how did we use the Hub Exchange right in the bot?
31:45:240Michele De Carli: No, it's not in the plot, it's here.
31:47:970Michele De Carli: They have changed, right?
31:49:740Michele De Carli: The half change rate is the air Here, the 173.
31:56:780Michele De Carli: kilograms of air per hour, so…
32:00:640Michele De Carli: The air change rate, half change rate, volume times density is the air
32:07:720Michele De Carli: Chain the flow rate of the air, which is then
32:10:880Michele De Carli: on the denominator of the equation, okay? So, basically, you have to consider that the delta X that you have in the room is the ratio between the vapor generated and the flow rate of the air.
32:24:640Michele De Carli: Okay?
32:25:800Michele De Carli: And how would we consider?
32:29:20Michele De Carli: What do we see to say that our forms?
32:36:560Michele De Carli: Half is, usually recommended, I told you. We have seen, we, you, we see, that we have seen that, basically, half exchange rate, it's a, let's a recursive matter, okay, here.
32:52:630Michele De Carli: That we have, okay, historically has been used for interchange rate. We have seen that… I told you that there is a research made in Sweden where they found that how to change the inter
33:05:100Michele De Carli: was minimizing the risk of asthma and allergy. Okay, and here you can see that if you consider every transition.
33:12:850Michele De Carli: have a change rate will also, basically, reduce the risks of pservice polls.
33:19:990Michele De Carli: Did you do the energy physics exam? No, so you can ask your friends to make the energy physics exam, okay?
33:29:50Michele De Carli: the future.
33:30:410Michele De Carli: Great.
33:31:850Michele De Carli: We will see how to… how to get half a change rate, we will see how to do that, okay?
33:39:260Michele De Carli: Let's say that in the pasta, okay, so I'm wearing my…
33:45:470Michele De Carli: I can, I can anticipate what we are going to do, and…
33:49:920Michele De Carli: and, next week. So in the past, okay,
33:56:160Michele De Carli: here in, Italy and in Europe, okay, in Italy, okay, that was in Europe, there was, I mean, the windows were pure, okay, poorly efficiently. They're not… we are not completely non-efficient, okay? So we had, we had some,
34:13:449Michele De Carli: infiltration through the windows, okay. And, also, the… I mean, historically, there was…
34:20:719Michele De Carli: At least one person home, okay, the whole day, could open the windows, okay?
34:26:980Michele De Carli: Often. And, you could assume that you could have half AHD.
34:32:510Michele De Carli: But I want to mention that by leaving people to open and close the door, and close the window, okay, you will never be sure to get this half agent rate. So, only with mechanical ventilation, by providing half air change rate, okay, you are sure that you
34:51:810Michele De Carli: We'll get this.
34:54:300Michele De Carli: Amount of your rate.
34:55:739Michele De Carli: Okay? As a matter of fact, okay, the… in the… that is why, in the energy demand calculation.
35:05:410Michele De Carli: I told you that if you have an accountability ratio, You have to use.
35:12:740Michele De Carli: 0.3 air changes per hour, and because this is the average value, which is considered, okay, to have as useful, flow rate, okay, in case of opening air, so opening…
35:32:150Michele De Carli: And, so here, or it could be even less, okay? So this is, let's say, a value that, I mean, that is considered in this time.
35:42:450Michele De Carli: Okay, so now, if you do calculations as they are… as they are in the standard in here in Italy, if you have no mechanical ventilation, then for energy purposes, you use 0.3 HG.
35:56:380Michele De Carli: Which values do we have to use for the, external humidity during the entire winter?
36:04:560Michele De Carli: Okay, usually, usually for the entire winter, you could consider average condition, but usually, you should consider the monthly value of the relative humidity, of the, of the specific…
36:19:520Michele De Carli: 3 to 9, the one on the meteorological data, you have the average
36:29:690Michele De Carli: Pressure, pressure, pressure on me here.
36:34:60Michele De Carli: In this case, you should consider this. This will give you either relative.
36:41:50Michele De Carli: Very cool.
36:44:320Michele De Carli: So that was just in condition, okay?
36:49:400Michele De Carli: Now, I want to show you, so what happens… okay, sorry. Now, what happens if you consider a smaller, agent rate? So, if we consider 0.2, for instance, okay, which is…
37:07:220Michele De Carli: less than 0. So, in this case.
37:11:470Michele De Carli: Nothing changes, because you're not killing people, so there are still… they are still doing the same activity, okay? We are considering standard conditions, so the generation rate is always okay.
37:26:510Michele De Carli: is always 417 grams of paper per hour. What is the only… and also we consider the same conditions outside. So what is changing is just the
37:37:870Michele De Carli: prorated, okay, that… bar chaos, sorry, sorry, sorry.
37:43:360Michele De Carli: 0.3.
37:46:00Michele De Carli: Okay, because then it's… Let me see.
37:51:450Michele De Carli: 0.3.
37:56:760Michele De Carli: I'm sweet.
37:58:120Michele De Carli: 288… positive.
38:02:870Michele De Carli: 0.2, right? Yes, okay. So this is okay, 0.2, sorry?
38:17:290Michele De Carli: Okay?
38:18:830Michele De Carli: So, if you consider 0.2, then you have, okay, the flow rate will go, of course, down, so you will have 70 kilograms of air per hour, okay?
38:33:280Michele De Carli: And in this case, you can see that by considering the same inlet humidity ratio, the same generation rate, and the new
38:44:670Michele De Carli: mass flow rate, okay, you get 10, let's say, grams of vapor per kilograms of air, and 10 grams of vapor, okay, are these ones here, so you can see that
38:56:340Michele De Carli: This is the… for 0.2, okay? And in this case, you will get, okay, about 65% of radinity, which could be, I mean.
39:09:00Michele De Carli: Which could be a problem, okay, for the surface conversation, because in that case, you could…
39:17:260Michele De Carli: You could have, okay, mold rules, okay. So, if, instead, okay, just for…
39:29:760Michele De Carli: Completing the, the, the, the, the… Damn.
39:35:540Michele De Carli: To consider another value, okay, if we consider then one urgent rate, okay, which is a huge amount of air.
39:42:660Michele De Carli: Okay, in this case, okay, we will have 346 kilograms of dry air per hour, okay, because we have the double of this value here. By considering the same,
39:57:380Michele De Carli: inlet humidity ratio, the same generation rate, you will have slightly less, okay, 4.7, okay, which leads to this to 30% overall attitude.
40:10:480Michele De Carli: Okay, so basically, what do… what did we learn by these calculations? Okay, we learned that, if we want to keep the air dry, okay.
40:23:550Michele De Carli: We're very active that together.
40:25:690Michele De Carli: And, of course, you need to provide enough for the augmentation.
40:31:600Michele De Carli: I want to remark that in case… and that is the question…
40:36:400Michele De Carli: In case you have colder conditions in winter, okay, recess, because in the desired condition, or if we are… if we are in a location which has more severe conditions in the winter.
40:49:640Michele De Carli: Of course, by lowering the temperature, the… Miniature.
40:54:720Michele De Carli: When you drop.
40:55:710Michele De Carli: Okay? And, of course, the baseline of the validation would be 1.2.
41:01:210Michele De Carli: 1.52, okay, which means that, basically.
41:05:710Michele De Carli: If we had, even if we had, That's weird to drink.
41:11:980Michele De Carli: If we have half change rate, okay, so if we have half change rate, we have,
41:18:00Michele De Carli: 5.9 over 3.5, so the delta X that we have in the room
41:25:750Michele De Carli: Okay, as ratio between the generational rate and the…
41:30:970Michele De Carli: Dry air flow rate, okay, is 2.4.
41:36:940Michele De Carli: Okay?
41:38:100Michele De Carli: So this is the…
41:40:810Michele De Carli: The resulting humidity ratio that we have when we supply half air change rate, minus the base
41:50:370Michele De Carli: Okay, the incoming the incoming, humidity ratio.
41:56:350Michele De Carli: This delta, this difference, is constant, okay? So that will be the difference that we will have.
42:05:190Michele De Carli: In winter, or let's say whenever we have incoming air at outer condition.
42:12:410Michele De Carli: Okay, whichever the base humidity ratio is. So, if we are, let's say, if we have, like, as in the case that I showed you, if we have 1.5,
42:24:960Michele De Carli: Or 2 grams of vapor per kilograms of air, okay?
42:31:520Michele De Carli: Then, this will be, let's say, 1.5 plus 2.4, let's say.
42:38:30Michele De Carli: 4, okay, and this is 4.5 grams of paper per kilogram.
42:44:20Michele De Carli: Of air, which means, okay, that we are, okay, around about here.
42:50:780Michele De Carli: So we have 30% of reality.
42:54:840Michele De Carli: Which is okay, okay, but in some cases, it might be a problem. Well, if we have some…
43:03:480Michele De Carli: I told you, we are talking about every solution, but we might have some sensitive people inside, okay? Or…
43:15:270Michele De Carli: You have?
43:17:20Michele De Carli: Building, maybe wooden. And if you drive to watch the mood, okay, landing moves here.
43:25:80Michele De Carli: the good movie, okay? So, in that cases, you might be… you might consider a humidify the area.
43:34:110Michele De Carli: Are you in the room for initial supply.
43:36:520Michele De Carli: Okay, so it might be that in some conditions, okay, especially in cold climates, you have to, let's say, cold sewer, you
43:45:520Michele De Carli: humidified.
43:47:720Michele De Carli: the air, because in cold conditions, you have, let's say, too low humidity ratio, okay? And that is why, for instance, when you travel on the flight, you are making the long flights, and they always
44:04:680Michele De Carli: give you drinks, okay, then it's up to you if you want to alcoholic side or not, but that is because you are, okay, you are… you are really losing a lot of paper, because the relative humidity in a flight is usually 5-10%.
44:19:480Michele De Carli: Okay?
44:20:810Michele De Carli: Because you are.
44:23:70Michele De Carli: Very small, yes. But, they fixed the relative humidity inside the house.
44:31:420Michele De Carli: It doesn't influence any… the quantity of the meat that we have to extract from the house.
44:42:310Michele De Carli: But you need to dodge out the website.
44:48:580Michele De Carli: If you are ventilating your room, okay, you will have some
44:54:330Michele De Carli: whatever that we did enter the air, and it exhausted it. Usually, the exhaust air is, as we will see in a residential building, is usually extracted in the kitchen and in the bathroom, where you have the most generation of people, and in the laundry effect.
45:12:150Michele De Carli: And the report goes up.
45:14:520Michele De Carli: No, but the fact that in a few examples, there's,
45:18:700Michele De Carli: In the first one, 65% of our community, in another one, 30%,
45:25:650Michele De Carli: No, that is the level that you have. I mean, you are not so…
45:35:90Michele De Carli: It's not fixed, because it depends on the income, the information.
45:41:210Michele De Carli: In… as a matter of fact, I don't know if you…
45:44:980Michele De Carli: If you are doing a washing machine and you try to dry clothes, okay, but in middle season, you need longer time to dry the clothes than in winter season, if you have ventilation.
45:57:700Michele De Carli: Mechanical ventilation, okay. So, see, I have mechanical ventilation, okay, in… One night, older girls sometime.
46:07:390Michele De Carli: in, in, and in, in, in spring.
46:11:680Michele De Carli: He begs me right now.
46:14:60Michele De Carli: But inside the house, the relative humidity is constant. It is, let's say, over generals. Yes, it's constant. Over the day, yes.
46:22:60Michele De Carli: Nothing changes from month to month, depending on the order.
46:26:440Michele De Carli: In each direction, but for the average value inside, I think it's… as I can remember, 65 is okay.
46:35:670Michele De Carli: it's not bad. I mean, from the comfort point of view or air quality point of view, it's not a problem, but if you have a thermal bridge, that might be too high, okay, because you could have mold growth on the… on the… on the…
46:47:960Michele De Carli: On the Tama Bridge. So, surface condensation. It's called surface condensation, but surface condensation, of course, when you… when you…
46:55:960Michele De Carli: When you reach the 80% of local relative humidity.
46:59:590Michele De Carli: So, there are… if the mold growth that you might have on the, on the, on the walls.
47:06:660Michele De Carli: It occurs when you… when you reach local relative humidity greater than 80%. So, from here to here, it means that if you have a wall.
47:16:630Michele De Carli: At, let's say, 18 degrees, 17… 18 degrees, okay, you will have mold growth.
47:24:270Michele De Carli: Which could be a problem. So usually 40-50 is okay? 40-50 is okay.
47:29:440Michele De Carli: I mean, you could still exactly love this, okay?
47:33:310Michele De Carli: Dope.
47:34:540Michele De Carli: But if you have lower values, then you could put some
47:37:880Michele De Carli: Generation of vapor inside of it.
47:40:460Michele De Carli: Okay, that is, that is what you usually drink if you have, like, small children, okay?
47:46:900Michele De Carli: And so on.
47:49:60Michele De Carli: Okay?
47:51:520Michele De Carli: But, again, in order to keep the relative humidity low, you need to maintain it.
47:56:930Michele De Carli: And if you ventilate, you will never have problems of
48:01:380Michele De Carli: Condensation, certificate condensation, and you will not have
48:06:930Michele De Carli: You will never have problem of high productivity.
48:10:920Michele De Carli: Okay.
48:12:200Michele De Carli: That is why, since we… with the new windows, we are not able to provide enough here, okay, as imputation.
48:22:770Michele De Carli: we are almost forced to use mechanical ventilation as we use. But if we have mechanical ventilation with, an entire peak exchanger… Yes, that is… that is a way to… to… to… yes, we will see that, yes. Yes, of course. If we have a…
48:42:280Michele De Carli: Your colleague has a little bit… a bit around a bit too much, but as you will see, if you have an entire heat exchanger, so if you're… if you have a heat exchanger where you can recover the heat, but you have also
48:55:600Michele De Carli: the possibility to use hydroscopic materials that are able to transfer the vapor from the exhaust layer to the incoming air. Then, in this case, you will have a
49:07:730Michele De Carli: You know, okay, you will answer.
49:14:450Michele De Carli: You will unify the air directly with these fixed objectors.
49:21:780Michele De Carli: Okay, now?
49:24:730Michele De Carli: We are going to see what happens inside. Okay, so, I mean, the mechanism is the same, so the calculation, the calculation mechanism is the same, okay?
49:35:60Michele De Carli: So, in this case, okay, we are considering the same ventilation rates that, okay, in summer, usually, we open windows, so we could have even higher ventilation rates.
49:48:120Michele De Carli: As a matter of fact, I was told… I was asked yesterday, which is the ventilation flow rate that you can consider in summer for the Italian population. You could use one air change rate if you want, because usually you're ordering more from those who wait in summer than
50:06:450Michele De Carli: You do.
50:09:10Michele De Carli: Okay, so in this case, let's start with the halfway chain rate, okay, to do the same examples. In this case, what I want to show you is that we are in outer condition, okay? We have 34 degrees C, which is this…
50:23:840Michele De Carli: temperature here, okay, and let's say we have said 40% of relative humidity, okay? And in these conditions, this is the,
50:35:360Michele De Carli: outdoor humidity ratio, okay, so 13, more or less, grams of vapor per kilogram of air, 13.5, okay, to be more precise, okay?
50:49:380Michele De Carli: So this is the entering unique ratio that we have.
50:55:790Michele De Carli: Okay.
51:01:860Michele De Carli: Now, this, we consider half their chill rate, which leads, which leads to 173 kilograms per hour, okay? It's the same calculation that we have seen before, okay?
51:14:780Michele De Carli: The generation rate is still the same, 10 kilograms of vapor per day, which leads to 417 grams of vapor per hour, okay? So it's the same generation rate that we have
51:28:750Michele De Carli: Before?
51:30:90Michele De Carli: Okay, so the other things with change.
51:33:360Michele De Carli: the only thing which changes, sorry, is the incoming humidity ratio, which is now 13.5, okay? And that leads, if you look, we have, again, the same delta X, which is 2.4.
51:50:890Michele De Carli: Okay?
51:51:990Michele De Carli: Which is the ratio between the generation, the vapor rate, and the
51:57:750Michele De Carli: the probate of the error that we are saying, we accept 2.4, remains the same for whichever, okay, is the incoming one, so that, that is the delta X, okay, so the, the, the…
52:11:300Michele De Carli: the, increase of the infill ratio, so it's 2.4 grams of vapor per kilometer on that area, so 2.4 plus 13.5 is 15 points.
52:22:840Michele De Carli: Okay, so 15.9. If we had 26 degrees, okay, 15.9 leads to, let's say, this value here, which is 75% of relative humidity, okay, which is quite high, okay?
52:39:180Michele De Carli: So you could say, well, I try to increase, okay, since in summer, if you increase the ventilation rate, you reduce the humidity ratio, okay, you can try to increase
52:53:970Michele De Carli: To one air change rate, the flow rate of the air, which means that you have the double of the mass flow rate, as we have seen before, so 346.
53:04:440Michele De Carli: That will lead to half of the delta X, okay? So, but anyway, you will have 14.7. So, of course, what you get is a reduction of the X, so this is with 0.5, this is with one air change rate.
53:21:810Michele De Carli: Okay?
53:23:230Michele De Carli: So you can see that, of course, They enter in humidity.
53:31:450Michele De Carli: ratio is the one outside, and if we have infinite variation, and if we have
53:38:680Michele De Carli: 1,000, yeah, changes per hour, we will never go below 65% of that.
53:46:360Michele De Carli: Okay, so because this is the entering humid direction.
53:50:580Michele De Carli: So, no rain.
53:52:450Michele De Carli: Okay, in our climates, you have to dehumify the air. If you want to keep it there at the humidity at 50%, okay, which is…
54:03:480Michele De Carli: of 60%, okay, which is the reasonable. So, what you need, you have today. In here, you have two options, okay? One option is to
54:13:890Michele De Carli: Remove the vapor mechanically in the room.
54:17:800Michele De Carli: Or, which is the best way, okay, you… Will?
54:26:40Michele De Carli: In the unified group, so you…
54:29:110Michele De Carli: Are going to use an intuition.
54:31:750Michele De Carli: Sister? You can push your sister?
54:34:730Michele De Carli: you will use a cooling coil to cool the air, and the humidify the air, okay? And the… in this case, okay, you know that if these are the outward conditions.
54:48:720Michele De Carli: 30, 40 degrees C, and 40% of ground humidity, the, the air, okay, will, the, the…
55:02:240Michele De Carli: the only coin can be represented by a certain ideal surface temperature, say, 8, I, UC, okay?
55:11:550Michele De Carli: See?
55:13:450Michele De Carli: And depending on the geometry of the cooling coil.
55:18:450Michele De Carli: You could expect, let's say, to have, to have an outer, sorry, an outlet condition from the cooling coil.
55:26:910Michele De Carli: At 16 degrees. I told you that it is usually recommended to know, not to go to below 60 degrees C, because, as you can see here, okay.
55:39:470Michele De Carli: I can work in both games.
55:41:690Michele De Carli: Anyway, if you, if you, if you have…
55:47:120Michele De Carli: less than 60 degrees in the air entering the room, you might have collision problems, okay, so drops, okay, in the air terminal device, these are called the air tunnel.
55:58:690Michele De Carli: Okay? So, you, you could go up in 50 degrees C, okay, but in order to avoid condensation, okay, so for the same…
56:08:630Michele De Carli: Considering results, including incidents.
56:12:230Michele De Carli: So, what you do, you could have… you could consider a certain geometry of the cooling coil, which allows you to cool down the air and get out at 60 degrees. And in this case, you are drying the air, because the Mediterrane ratio goes from, let's say, 13.5 to,
56:32:780Michele De Carli: 8.5, okay, grams of April per kilos of air, and your cosmoon in here at 16 degrees, okay?
56:42:830Michele De Carli: So this is the air that is cooled in the mechanical manipulation system, the U, and is entering the
56:53:600Michele De Carli: And, in this case, So, if you are… If you have,
57:03:70Michele De Carli: We have seen, if we add
57:05:230Michele De Carli: 16 degrees C, and 8.5 grams of vapor per kilogram of air. Okay.
57:13:830Michele De Carli: Then, the equation is the same, okay? The question is the same, so we have that the resulting humidity ratio is, again, the incoming humidity ratio plus the ratio between the generation rate and the master rate.
57:32:300Michele De Carli: Now, we are considering half fair change rate, okay, so, which means
57:38:560Michele De Carli: 173. The generation rate is the same, 417. Okay, so, again, okay, we have, we have seen that this ratio is 2.5.
57:50:810Michele De Carli: 2.4 grams of vapor per kilogram of dry air. And also, in this case, we are 2.4 above 8.5, which means 10.9 grams of vapor per kilogram of air.
58:02:570Michele De Carli: Okay? So, 10.9 means to Okay, 49 is here.
58:09:820Michele De Carli: Type on is here, so that means 50% of the
58:14:270Michele De Carli: Okay, so, by keeping 50%… sorry, sorry, by keeping half air change rate.
58:21:650Michele De Carli: And by cooling the unifying air, okay, in the… entering the room, okay, the building, then we could keep the relative humidity at 50% of the room.
58:37:290Michele De Carli: Okay? In a residential building.
58:40:230Michele De Carli: The show.
58:44:990Michele De Carli: Okay, of course.
58:47:840Michele De Carli: We could… okay.
58:53:970Michele De Carli: So, let's see, okay, what happens if we have higher ventilation flow rates, okay, then we will see why we are going to see… we are going to talk about this higher…
59:05:950Michele De Carli: That's useful.
59:07:360Michele De Carli: In reality, when we need to, like, control the final relative humidity that we have in our room, we play with their change rate, like, we decide how much we…
59:22:10Michele De Carli: We want it higher or lower, or we use something else, like… I mean, usually, when you are working with this type of system.
59:33:450Michele De Carli: So, if you're working with the cooling coil, okay, you will… they humidify the air, okay, and of course, during the season, you might have changes in the temperature and in the
59:50:320Michele De Carli: community.
59:51:680Michele De Carli: you are not able to fully, okay, match this value. So, in any case, you will have some fluctuations on the relative humidity, okay? There are a few cases where you have really
00:05:330Michele De Carli: Keep the resonated fixed.
00:07:670Michele De Carli: condition. But I mean, indeed, if you're… if you… in residual conditions, you are below 50% observability, okay, it's not a problem if you have some…
00:18:640Michele De Carli: some… some changes of the relativity over the time. Usually, you are not able… you're not able to fully follow the relativity, or you could do that if you have a geometrication system in there.
00:32:730Michele De Carli: But, as we see.
00:35:490Michele De Carli: at the end of the course, almost, okay, so you have to wait a couple of months, okay?
00:41:530Michele De Carli: It is not the… Most efficient.
00:47:470Michele De Carli: Usually, we live in the future, yes.
00:50:510Michele De Carli: The reason why?
00:52:910Michele De Carli: Okay, let's… yes? Okay.
00:58:150Michele De Carli: How much the magnificator can,
01:00:800Michele De Carli: You said that you're from particularly the resources team.
01:05:10Michele De Carli: Right, depends on the geometry of that car.
01:07:880Michele De Carli: So, it records the, the, the, the things, distance, the, the number of, of, loops of the water that you have inside. So, you could, have, could select the, the, the, the call, which is…
01:22:850Michele De Carli: Germany, okay, will be due to this coalition.
01:26:850Michele De Carli: Usually in pizza, you don't continue.
01:31:150Michele De Carli: I mean, as a designer, okay, you don't have to select the coil. Usually, you ask the provider of the mechanical intuitions of the area you need, okay?
01:42:350Michele De Carli: to provide you the car. There are also other possibilities to do that, okay? But let's say that this is… if you would like to do that, you ask them.
01:54:550Michele De Carli: East Africa.
01:57:640Michele De Carli: Of course, if it's a big, I mean, unit, they can do it.
02:02:620Michele De Carli: They follow you.
02:03:880Michele De Carli: If it's standardized, because for…
02:07:570Michele De Carli: small for its, like, arist management and so on. Usually, the socials are… they are not tailored thing.
02:14:530Michele De Carli: Okay, so if you have a large mechanical ventilation system, if you have large breeding, then you could try to ask some special
02:25:90Michele De Carli: heat exchanges and special conditions. Usually, if you are, like, in this case, in a residential building, you use the solution that is provided by your manufacturer, so you have no really big choices.
02:41:90Michele De Carli: either reports like that.
02:44:180Michele De Carli: Anyway, the concept is this one. There might be some different, let's say, theosophies and so on, but let's say the concept is…
02:54:500Michele De Carli: Physical complexities.
03:00:260Michele De Carli: Okay, so, in case of, usti…
03:04:880Michele De Carli: 1, 2, and 3 air change rates, okay? Of course, again, what changes is the denominator, okay, of this… of the… of the ratio, okay?
03:16:490Michele De Carli: And in this case, you can see that you will get 9.7, 9.1, and 9, okay, grams of vapor per kilogram. And again, you can see that we can vapor to… we can have smaller, smaller…
03:33:100Michele De Carli: limitations. But at the end, okay, the limiting value will be represented by the
03:43:300Michele De Carli: I'll track the condition of the…
03:45:780Michele De Carli: Okay, so if you want to.
03:49:450Michele De Carli: And that is the answer to your colleagues, okay? And if you want to dry more air, then you have to cool down more the air, because the battery will work, the cooling coil, sorry, will work always, as I told you, the usual temperature is 7%.
04:12:220Michele De Carli: So, you have water entering at 7 degrees C, and going out at 12 degrees.
04:19:130Michele De Carli: So, on average, the temperature.
04:22:780Michele De Carli: The service territory standards.
04:25:300Michele De Carli: Okay, so, you don't go…
04:30:180Michele De Carli: So this value is already low, but it doesn't change that. So imagine, so this is… this is fixed.
04:35:560Michele De Carli: So what you could do, by changing the geometry of the recoil, you could lower the temperature.
04:45:970Michele De Carli: Getting out from the recoil.
04:49:150Michele De Carli: But then, you have to read, because I told you, I mean, by… by supplying it lower than 60 degrees, it might be the skin focus.
05:00:520Michele De Carli: So, in this case, that is why I told you the philosophy could change, okay, but the principle is the same. So, here you could have more cooling and then a heat.
05:11:470Michele De Carli: But, I mean, the concept is to cool down and humidify, okay? Then you can have different solutions, different… more or less complicated solution, but this is what you do.
05:23:100Michele De Carli: We are going to see that more in detail in the full Air systems, okay?
05:34:580Michele De Carli: Yes, that's it, okay, sorry for you. This is the case of rainfall, so this is what happens if you want to reduce, okay, the…
05:44:180Michele De Carli: Unity ratio.
05:45:780Michele De Carli: Then, afterwards, you have to use the radio.
05:49:880Michele De Carli: Okay.
05:59:400Michele De Carli: And you can see now, you can reach 7.45 at…
06:06:50Michele De Carli: Unity ratio instead of 8.5, right?
06:10:150Michele De Carli: Or you can go even lower.
06:12:570Michele De Carli: Yeah, we're backed up, of course.
06:14:430Michele De Carli: Excellent.
06:15:580Michele De Carli: Meaning terminal.
06:16:780Michele De Carli: Okay, so in this case, you can reach also 40% of that.
06:24:870Michele De Carli: Okay.
06:26:770Michele De Carli: Okay, now…
06:42:840Michele De Carli: So…
06:44:910Michele De Carli: In winter, we need to, basically, we just need to provide care for sure. In summer, we need also to cool and liquid. Now.
06:57:560Michele De Carli: This is almost all for the…
07:00:110Michele De Carli: Sorry, for the vapor balance, okay? Now, I want to, let's say, a little bit zoom out, okay, and look at the whole system, okay? So, looking, let's say, try and summarize what we have seen so far, okay?
07:17:610Michele De Carli: And go one step beyond, okay, to understand
07:23:640Michele De Carli: What is the mean of the power of the meeting in the building, and what is the power, okay, which would be considered for, not only for the, for the,
07:38:20Michele De Carli: For the sensible law, but for the whole law.
07:41:660Michele De Carli: Okay, so I will explain it more.
07:44:930Michele De Carli: Detailed, hopefully better.
07:47:790Michele De Carli: So, here, in this slide, what we are going… what we see is the effect, so we foresee, so we are still considering summer condition, and so we are still considering summer condition, and we are considering the case… the cases of…
08:04:20Michele De Carli: Half change in it, and one in treatment. So, it's the same.
08:08:550Michele De Carli: Cases, and these are the same cases that we have just seen, okay?
08:13:400Michele De Carli: visualize with you.
08:18:300Michele De Carli: What we are doing… Basically, we are…
08:22:300Michele De Carli: Dehumidify the air, so we are saying that if we dehumidify the air, we are able to keep the relative humidity.
08:29:470Michele De Carli: Below 50%, okay?
08:33:859Michele De Carli: By cooling the air, we have also an additional effect, so we have air entering at lower temperature.
08:42:340Michele De Carli: then 26 degrees. So we have also a slight cooling effect on the room, because if the temperature of the room is 36 degrees, okay, by
08:55:600Michele De Carli: Heading as inlet 173.
09:00:170Michele De Carli: kilograms per hour. Now we have to…
09:02:880Michele De Carli: We have to change it into kilograms per second, because we are talking about power, so we need to consider the mass flow rates being kilograms per second, okay?
09:16:899Michele De Carli: Again, from the Latin point of view, we are okay. We are below 50%. Now, what we are going to see is the effect of the
09:25:330Michele De Carli: sensible load, When we supply air at a lower temperature.
09:31:590Michele De Carli: Okay? We have some air entering the room, 173 kilograms per hour, okay?
09:39:20Michele De Carli: And…
09:41:609Michele De Carli: at core temperature, so it will help in feeding our heating. Okay, which means that by considering the CP, so by considering the sensible load that we are
09:57:190Michele De Carli: The cooling note that we are, let's say, able to is right about 500 nodes.
10:09:270Michele De Carli: Okay, so… If we provide this solution, And if we… Supply air at 60 degrees.
10:19:430Michele De Carli: Okay, we will have 500 yachts in case we supply half the exchanger. In this case.
10:26:930Michele De Carli: Based on our calculations, okay, you should not include the calculation of the ventilation load for the Carl method, and the resulting load of the BDD,
10:40:830Michele De Carli: will be, okay, will be,
10:50:300Michele De Carli: or the cooling that the system is able to provide is 500 watts, okay? 500 watts, we have 100 square meters, so it's roundabout.
11:02:400Michele De Carli: 5 watts per square meter, okay?
11:09:240Michele De Carli: Okay, so this is the power.
11:11:760Michele De Carli: A useful moving power that we could provide to the building, okay, is not that much, okay? So it's very limited, okay?
11:22:20Michele De Carli: You didn't do the calculation, but you will maybe have 30 to 50, 60W per kilometer.
11:29:390Michele De Carli: So, it is just a fraction.
11:34:210Michele De Carli: But this is the, let's say, building logo. Of course, unique?
11:41:670Michele De Carli: It will provide sufficient cooling, The cooler than 25 years. So, the cooling coil has to be sized
11:50:420Michele De Carli: for matching, The whole enthalpy change.
11:56:930Michele De Carli: From here.
11:58:190Michele De Carli: to here, right? Because you are… you have to cool them independently, so the air, the outer air, has this enthalpy, about 70.
12:11:790Michele De Carli: Oh, yeah, okay.
12:14:190Michele De Carli: And you have to lower the…
12:19:370Michele De Carli: The entity to, let's say, 13.
12:22:360Michele De Carli: Okay.
12:25:590Michele De Carli: Okay?
12:26:470Michele De Carli: Sold.
12:56:620Michele De Carli: Okay, so… In this case, we have two.
13:03:820Michele De Carli: I wouldn't get a lot of time.
13:05:570Michele De Carli: We need to provide cheap water, you need to cool the water.
13:11:430Michele De Carli: With a certain power, so you have to fill it with some power. So you need some power for cooling for this, for daily differentiator.
13:21:580Michele De Carli: You will have 500 watts as resulting in a useful cooling.
13:27:210Michele De Carli: But, in this case.
13:32:720Michele De Carli: It will be not sufficient, so you need to find One…
13:37:960Michele De Carli: initial system, or initial system, some initial system, in order to cool everything, because
13:43:800Michele De Carli: 5 watts per kilometer are not enough, okay?
14:01:720Michele De Carli: This is the power that is needed in the meeting.
14:05:490Michele De Carli: N?
14:08:550Michele De Carli: Whoa.
14:12:740Michele De Carli: This is the dollar.
14:14:890Michele De Carli: Hello or… Nate?
14:17:190Michele De Carli: Handling over here.
14:19:190Michele De Carli: Okay, so… On one side, you need to provide cheap water all day.
14:25:410Michele De Carli: We've got?
14:27:420Michele De Carli: On the other side, speed to cover the cooling load of your room.
14:34:480Michele De Carli: Okay?
14:35:540Michele De Carli: So, you need to consider the sum of these two powers, okay? In that case, the power of the silver… sorry, the power for the
14:47:530Michele De Carli: Goy.
14:51:210Michele De Carli: I had to add 4.
14:54:800Michele De Carli: The air handling unit, okay.
14:58:170Michele De Carli: is the… the flow rate, Okay.
15:04:760Michele De Carli: which is 173 divided by 360 kilograms per cycle, times the delta H, so 37 minus 69, okay?
15:14:670Michele De Carli: The Chiplan entity over here.
15:18:240Michele De Carli: Empathy entropy here times the other enthalpy community.
15:23:230Michele De Carli: Okay?
15:24:140Michele De Carli: Which is 1.5 kilos.
15:27:40Michele De Carli: Okay?
15:29:170Michele De Carli: All right? So imagine that your load for the building is
15:39:710Michele De Carli: Bye.
15:41:200Michele De Carli: 1,000 watts.
15:42:940Michele De Carli: Okay, that means that you have
15:45:190Michele De Carli: 500 was for free from feeding in Korea, so we had 450 4,050. Sorry, 4,500 watts.
15:55:400Michele De Carli: The chiller, so the machine which has to cool the water off for the…
16:01:270Michele De Carli: phone calls, and offer any initial system that you have, and in full demo. There are any unit.
16:09:260Michele De Carli: We'll be… Size for 1.5 plus 4.5.
16:14:960Michele De Carli: 6… Universe.
16:20:60Michele De Carli: Yay!
16:25:630Michele De Carli: So this is, okay, what you can…
16:29:190Michele De Carli: what you can have 5,000 watts, Yes.
16:35:380Michele De Carli: Including all of the…
16:38:440Michele De Carli: of 50 watts per square meter, and we have 100 square meters road area, okay? So this is the, let's say.
16:46:570Michele De Carli: the specific ULI. If you have this specific URL, okay.
16:51:510Michele De Carli: Then, 500 watts can be provided by the pressure.
16:57:500Michele De Carli: But for the threshold, you need to spend 1.5 kilos. On the other side, you need to proceed and provide 4.5 kilos for the…
17:08:100Michele De Carli: Let me just… Overall, 5.5 plus some 4.5 plus 1.6 students.
17:15:670Michele De Carli: Yay.
17:20:670Michele De Carli: Yeah.
17:22:590Michele De Carli: If we… if we don't consider the 500, is it overestimation, or… Yeah, no oresume.
17:32:430Michele De Carli: Living is not the issue is 10% overestimation.
17:41:290Michele De Carli: Yes.
17:42:440Michele De Carli: What happens if you have One air change rate, okay?
17:50:690Michele De Carli: So let's see this, and then we…
17:55:270Michele De Carli: Sorry, if we have one air change rate, okay,
18:02:140Michele De Carli: We will have, as, let's say.
18:06:620Michele De Carli: Cooling aspect in the room. Yes, can you please? Oh, 4.5 different words.
18:13:460Michele De Carli: Or at least 5,000 watts.
18:17:600Michele De Carli: I just estimated roughly, okay, 31 per square meter, 5,000 watts, minus 500 watts, because these are provided by the ventilation
18:28:600Michele De Carli: by the fashion of Nepal, which enters at 60 minutes.
18:34:280Michele De Carli: Bye.
18:36:310Michele De Carli: Now, if we have one air change rate.
18:41:150Michele De Carli: Of course, we will have… the temperature difference will be always 10 degrees C, okay?
18:48:40Michele De Carli: But having the double of the flow rate, we have also the double of the power, so we have one kilowatt, okay?
18:55:450Michele De Carli: in the room, as resulting… gay?
19:01:730Michele De Carli: So, we have more pooling room.
19:05:630Michele De Carli: But, on the other side, We had the double of movie.
19:11:750Michele De Carli: In the QCon.
19:13:590Michele De Carli: Okay, so we have, at the end.
19:18:260Michele De Carli: 2 kilos to spend on the, okay, on the… I mean, as per se, yeah, we need to consider 3 kilos.
19:27:350Michele De Carli: in the cooling, Interpooling the air, for handling the air.
19:32:920Michele De Carli: In this case, Yes.
19:40:880Michele De Carli: If we have still 5,000 watts, okay, let's consider the same building, now we have 1,000 watts for free.
19:51:470Michele De Carli: For free buck, I mean… As, as, let's say, result.
19:56:960Michele De Carli: As resulting only in demand of early loads from the
20:01:90Michele De Carli: Air pressure, so we have 4,000 feet.
20:05:300Michele De Carli: Okay? This is the… this would be the size of the emission system.
20:12:690Michele De Carli: Or the emission systems, okay, it doesn't matter. And now they have to add the 3 kilowatts?
20:20:790Michele De Carli: 3,000. So we have, at his edges on, 7, Beautiful.
20:27:520Michele De Carli: Gay!
20:30:550Michele De Carli: So, the… the information… the prorates.
20:36:430Michele De Carli: Oh, pressure… Okay, in full conditions, Okay, meets…
20:44:10Michele De Carli: To be carefully considered, because if you had a lot amount of air pressure.
20:50:160Michele De Carli: Then you have to stand up, because we have a high entropy difference to be covered. And, of course, you could imagine what could happen in
21:02:620Michele De Carli: more severe conditions, so imagine that you have, like, 40 degrees C,
21:07:200Michele De Carli: Okay, if you are, like, here… Okay, then the… The enthalpy change will be… Even bigger.
21:18:820Michele De Carli: So, that has to be considered carefully when we see certain, why, why, and how.
21:25:80Michele De Carli: Okay, now, there's no time to look at this, okay, but let's say, let me just, introduce you to this, okay? We are going to see what happens if we want to, let's say…
21:38:670Michele De Carli: Or if we ask, because now we consider Evanza building, but we could consider 100 square meter, we could be maybe this area, we have a lot of people here, okay, so we might need to rent it later on.
21:51:300Michele De Carli: Yay.
21:52:260Michele De Carli: So what happens if we add, what happens if you have 3 pair change rates, okay?
21:59:880Michele De Carli: Anyway, we will look at that next week, okay?
22:04:350Michele De Carli: Have a nice weekend.
22:17:460Michele De Carli: Like, don't talk to me.
22:45:590Michele De Carli: Special power.
26:23:490Michele De Carli: Yeah, that's okay.
26:55:610Michele De Carli: But that is a lot of people.
27:35:690Michele De Carli: Right.
27:49:910Michele De Carli: Do you have a lecture? Do you have a lectern now, or… No, no, electron.