Assistente AI
Trascrizione
00:02:120Michele De Carli: Alright. So we we're here last time, okay?
00:10:490Michele De Carli: And
00:16:810Michele De Carli: okay. So yes, we were here. So basically, now we are going to talk how to distribute the air into the room. Okay? And we are going to see the last. Let's say the terminal units
00:35:130Michele De Carli: for the for the
00:39:537Michele De Carli: for the air distribution system, which are the so-called air terminal devices. Air terminal users air inlet air, outlet air diffusers. You can name them as you like. Okay? At the end they are, let's say.
00:59:480Michele De Carli: Cross sessional unit where the
01:02:930Michele De Carli: air passes through, enters the room and distributes them
01:07:794Michele De Carli: into the room. You have different types of air terminal devices.
01:15:874Michele De Carli: You can see them here. Of course, you can look also on top of your head, and where you can see that the systems that we have right here are the circle round ceiling. We can have also some square diffuser. Okay? So they are.
01:34:540Michele De Carli: I mean, the principle is the same when we see that
01:38:200Michele De Carli: what will be. But basically, let's say that they are
01:43:540Michele De Carli: forcing the air in entering the room. Okay, they are made in a way that they are. The air entering is trying to, let's say, move
01:58:710Michele De Carli: on the top of the room. Okay? So by diffusing readily, okay, almost in the.
02:07:600Michele De Carli: in, the, almost in the, in all the in all the directions. Okay, of course, that is quite understandable when you look at the round ceiling. But also these systems. Okay, they are. They are spreading here. Okay, radially, okay, as you can see as well as this systems here. And of course, also this system.
02:35:156Michele De Carli: So we can have a look at them
02:50:720Michele De Carli: working on.
02:54:160Michele De Carli: Yes, okay, so basically what you can see?
03:02:470Michele De Carli: Yes, I have to change the layout.
03:17:790Michele De Carli: Don't worry.
03:19:120Michele De Carli: It's fine.
03:22:450Michele De Carli: Yes, yes, this is your computer arch. Copied.
03:28:900Michele De Carli: Okay?
03:38:190Michele De Carli: No.
03:42:360Michele De Carli: Yes. Okay. So here, you see, basically, what is the concept? The principle? Okay of operation, this chart. We will look at them tomorrow. Okay, how we can use it, how we can use them. Okay? But basically, you can see that. You can see the section. Of course, one very important issue is. We can talk about that later. So basically, you can see, this is the air, how it's distributed into the room. Okay, so basically.
04:11:150Michele De Carli: you what you're trying to do.
04:13:280Michele De Carli: He's my
04:15:480Michele De Carli: having this. Let's say, throw this air jet that you might have. Okay. And of course you can see that these are those rules that mean that basically the air, the room air is dragged into the into the jet stream. Okay? And by this you're you are going to have uniform distributions
04:42:450Michele De Carli: of temperatures and velocity, and with, of course, low residual velocities in the in the room. Okay? So you can see the
04:53:815Michele De Carli: well, yes, what I wanted to. Highlight here is that you have
05:02:280Michele De Carli: Here.
05:04:100Michele De Carli: okay, you have. You can see there is the plenum. Here you here, you can see you have a duct
05:10:700Michele De Carli: deduct these
05:12:574Michele De Carli: connected to the the air terminal device. The air terminal device is not just what you see. Okay. But you have behind. You have also a planning. Okay, which is responsible to let's say, you see, the air transform the the
05:30:540Michele De Carli: the the magnetic pressure into static pressure. Okay? And and then to distribute the air through all the the directions. Okay, of course, you have to think about that. You need a full ceiling. Okay, round about
05:53:130Michele De Carli: from 20 to 30, 40 cm. Okay? And so that means that here, on top of our head. We have 40, 50 cm of void. Okay of air void. And where we have the dots
06:09:640Michele De Carli: running. We have also the electrical plants. Okay, running okay for the lighting. And so so usually, this is a
06:17:990Michele De Carli: technical space that you have on top of your head. Of course, you have to think about that when you build up the building, 3 meters is the minimum height for a
06:28:870Michele De Carli: a tertiary building. Okay? An office building. Then you have half meter of let's say, technical room on on your top, and then you have the starter as well. Okay. So in order to have 3 net
06:43:10Michele De Carli: meters as net height. That means that you need 4 meters, let's say between one floor and the other. Okay? And that means that. Basically.
06:52:490Michele De Carli: And
07:04:650Michele De Carli: so that means that each
07:16:500Michele De Carli: each, each 3 floors, you basically
07:21:780Michele De Carli: lose one floor. Okay, since when you build up a building, you have to sell or write the building.
07:29:940Michele De Carli: the square meter or volume. Okay, that means that due to the
07:37:150Michele De Carli: there are criminal issues and the technical aspects. Okay, you lose one
07:43:480Michele De Carli: floor volume each 3 floors. Okay? So let's say that basically.
07:48:552Michele De Carli: you lose 25% of your commercial okay? And
07:56:466Michele De Carli: of the commercial benefit that you can have from building up your okay? So here, you see, the technical issues, okay, are these ones. So you see that.
08:13:53Michele De Carli: you can see that you have also a technical
08:17:170Michele De Carli: and technical features. You have the dimensions. Okay, you have the diameter.
08:24:960Michele De Carli: the internal diameter. Okay? Because then you have to think about how to how to connect this system to the to the force roof. Okay, the full ceiling. Then you can see here. These are the ducts. Okay, these are corrugated dots. I told you that the end part of the terminal parts of the duct should be in a way that they have. They they can absorb the noise. Okay? So you usually don't use.
08:54:800Michele De Carli: You don't use but you might also use in case of one B of just one room. Okay? But usually you can use
09:08:730Michele De Carli: not the
09:13:490Michele De Carli: yeah. Flexible dots. Okay? So
09:17:130Michele De Carli: all right so and here you can see there are some other. I mean other other issues. Of course, the greater the diameter, the greater the flow rate that you can supply, the greater will be also the dimensions of the system, and as well
09:31:50Michele De Carli: as the ducts diameter driving the air. Okay, you here, you can see. Okay, there are smoke tests which can be done. Okay. And of course, by
09:45:30Michele De Carli: you, usually, this system, they can be adjusted. Okay, so you can. You can. You can allow them to have more. I mean, they can have a a they can go deeper or or not into the the room. So by adjusting this, the the position of this.
10:07:30Michele De Carli: the height of this dependent. Usually you can have this radial flow.
10:12:490Michele De Carli: or, for instance, if you have high.
10:15:740Michele De Carli: relatively big heights. Okay? Then you could, I mean, try to have the jet more into the room. Of course, this is for higher spaces. Okay? Because then, of course, you have to think about, yeah, you need to take care about the draft risk. Okay?
10:35:701Michele De Carli: But this is what you can, what you can do. This is. And this is this example. I have also yes, also for this system here, that you can see that these are also similar.
10:48:510Michele De Carli: Okay, in this case, this is the shape here. Of course, the the working operation is mainly
10:55:820Michele De Carli: radio. Okay, we. So they are not. Really, you can see contact. We will do. Look at that later on.
11:02:80Michele De Carli: And of course you can see that before entering the plenum you have a perforated okay sheet where? Which can be rotating in order to adjust the rate and the pressure into the the system. Okay? While also in this case you might have a a bigger depths. Okay, by adjusting the the systems. Okay? And this is how it works.
11:28:680Michele De Carli: Yes, here you can see the perforating metal.
11:31:930Michele De Carli: But and here you can see that you can adjust. Okay, there are some ways behind, so you can adjust the wiz in order to have a greater or lower.
11:41:198Michele De Carli: Jethro. Okay, so to have a radial, Jethro, or more vertical, even though you can see that in with respect to the other case. In this case, you the, the the distribution is more radial than in the other one.
11:57:657Michele De Carli: Then, okay, then, okay, then we go
12:02:142Michele De Carli: again to the presentation. Okay, so these systems are are used. You can also use this system here, which are linear systems. Okay? They are
12:14:540Michele De Carli: working, I mean, on similar principle, but different.
12:18:700Michele De Carli: So in this case.
12:21:394Michele De Carli: you can have this system here. You might have, as in this case, wheels, or you might have small cylinders, as you can see here. Okay, also here. Okay, it's not very much visible. But this black here is our our cylinders.
12:37:960Michele De Carli: What can you do with this? Well, basically, you can adjust the the reject of the direction of these 2 elements. Okay, 2 linear elements in order to let's say, try to learn
12:54:860Michele De Carli: the same direction.
13:01:920Michele De Carli: Okay,
13:08:30Michele De Carli: so you can have that that the jet is going in the same direction. So that means that you are having the jet more entering in one side. Okay.
13:21:637Michele De Carli: and of course you will have all the flow rate in this direction here. Okay?
13:29:490Michele De Carli: Or and of course, you can put another
13:32:760Michele De Carli: the same system on the other outside. Okay?
13:37:90Michele De Carli: And you can have.
13:39:310Michele De Carli: Similarly, you can go this direction here. Okay? So you can spread out the the jet in these 2. With these 2 elements.
13:48:130Michele De Carli: or you can, you can adjust the
13:53:570Michele De Carli: 2 systems. The 2 linear diffusers. Okay for the 2 openings. Let's say linear diffuser. But there are 2 openings.
14:02:820Michele De Carli: one going in one direction and one in the other. Okay, so you can see that here. So basically, in that case, you will have okay, half of the flow rate going one side and half of the prorate going on the other side. So it's similar to this system, if you want to.
14:21:90Michele De Carli: and if you want to have a greater flow rate on one direction, then you can install 2 of them close by, and you can have one jet on one direction and one object on the other direction.
14:35:502Michele De Carli: What are these systems
14:37:980Michele De Carli: for this system in this system you can play as you like, because along the length of this distribution unit, okay.
14:50:380Michele De Carli: you can have, either 2 of them in one direction or one in one direction, one the other. And you can alternate. Okay, the directions. And you can. You can have. I mean a mix of these 2 systems. Okay? We can have a look
15:09:720Michele De Carli: at this system here, here, you can see, this is the
15:17:760Michele De Carli: okay.
15:19:301Michele De Carli: So you can see, these are the the cylinders that you can. You can play with. Okay?
15:26:220Michele De Carli: You can see that here
15:29:00Michele De Carli: again, on top you have a platinum. Here again you have this perforated
15:37:450Michele De Carli: plate. Okay, and of course, you can have even even 3 of the 3 of them. No, that is okay.
15:47:555Michele De Carli: And in this case you can. I mean, adjust the orientation and so on. Okay, so yes, that is how you can do that. Of course, you can also make a vertical throw. Okay, vertical jet by rotating the cylinders. Okay? So you can have
16:06:720Michele De Carli: different types of systems. So here you can see this is alternated okay in one direction and the other, and this is alternated, but with more vertical
16:18:410Michele De Carli: among that account. Okay,
16:25:700Michele De Carli: yes, you can have also them on the vertical wall. Okay, so basically, when you have this system, when you want to disappear, you can do that on the, on the ceiling or okay in the lateral. Okay, in the on the lateral wall. Okay,
16:47:450Michele De Carli: that is something that you can do, or even as you can see here in this case you have a jack there which is entering the room and one going to the wall. Okay.
16:58:680Michele De Carli: by by playing with the cylinders, as I told.
17:03:860Michele De Carli: okay, yes, what I want to. I mean, we will. We will look at that. Okay, tomorrow. What is important to remember is that by passing through this element. Okay, along the planet, the the opening, you have a pressure drop, of course. Okay. So in this pressure drop has to be taken into account for with the other pressure drops that you have a long day
17:29:498Michele De Carli: the distribution system. In order to, let's say, add the total head of the fund. Okay? And this is something that you're going to see between tomorrow and Wednesday. Okay?
17:45:400Michele De Carli: Okay,
17:48:600Michele De Carli: yeah. This is also a similar system. So it's I don't want to spend too much time on. Yes, here you can see in this case you have when you have this laminar system. What I want to highlight here when you have this laminar system. Sorry this linear system? Very, not laminar.
18:06:847Michele De Carli: You see, in order to have a better distribution of the error, because in this case you're working mainly in one direction. Okay? But in this case, you yeah, the platinum is square. Okay? So you have just one
18:22:710Michele De Carli: one duct entering. Okay, in this case, in order to have a uniform distribution. Because if you have just one duct here, you have a greater pressure here. So you're not able to distribute. Okay along the platinum.
18:37:260Michele De Carli: the in a good way, the pressure. Okay, in order to have a better distribution of the pressure in this linear element. You should consider to have 2 dots entering there. Okay, instead of one. Okay, so
18:53:964Michele De Carli: this is the let's say what you have to think about. If you have just one doctor, then the distribution of the year will not be that uniform. Okay, so be aware. Okay, yeah, you need the 2 dots in order to enter in this kind of system. Okay?
19:12:738Michele De Carli: Yeah, that's it. That is also similar. It's it's again. The same.
19:20:331Michele De Carli: What do we have here? I know that is another system. Okay?
19:24:500Michele De Carli: All right.
19:25:910Michele De Carli: Okay. So and then you get.
19:33:390Michele De Carli: And then you have the the these other types of systems here of distribution system. These are.
19:42:317Michele De Carli: this can be used like grease or or louvers. Okay, they can be used for the exhaust
19:51:530Michele De Carli: you're in.
19:54:20Michele De Carli: Yeah.
19:55:10Michele De Carli: So usually, these 2 systems on top on the top, these systems.
20:03:645Michele De Carli: Yeah.
20:05:70Michele De Carli: okay, so this system here are used for in taking the air from the room. So for the return, that's okay, but they cannot. They could also be used for the supply air, and these are usually used either on the sidewall
20:21:880Michele De Carli: or you can have them also on the, on a, on a, on a cylinder, on the on the doctor. They basically
20:35:370Michele De Carli: have any any like temperature. Sorry
20:40:80Michele De Carli: they have a a minute air stream. Okay, which is basically entering. And you have a similar behavior. As with this system here. Okay? So the the the behavior from the dynamic point of view is similar.
20:59:34Michele De Carli: These systems. Here are noses. Okay, they are usually used for large rooms. Okay, in order to cover big distances. Okay? So you can do when you when you go in a mall or in an airport. Okay? Most probably you have this system installed. Okay?
21:26:190Michele De Carli: I have not a picture here. But I I made just a picture 2 days ago. Okay, there not like last week
21:31:970Michele De Carli: in the airport? Okay? And and and usually, these are systems which are
21:38:420Michele De Carli: which are installed in the airports. Okay, where you have high heights. And where you can have this.
21:46:107Michele De Carli: By this nozzle diffusers. Okay, you have Jack entering okay with a certain depth in order to. Okay, again, mix up the.
21:56:340Michele De Carli: And this is the basic principle that the air diffusers. Air terminal devices are working
22:05:950Michele De Carli: okay, in the limited limited high space in limited height spaces. Okay, you might have this. Small noses. Okay?
22:19:821Michele De Carli: Of course, what is interesting is that you can see you can rotate. So the
22:25:120Michele De Carli: direction of the jet can be adjusted in a very easy way. Okay, in order to
22:32:250Michele De Carli: let's say, have the jet with a certain orientation. Okay? So you can adjust the dejector. Also in in in operation. So once you have installed this system these are singular. Singular. Okay, jacked stream. So that means that each of them has a doctor. Okay, in this case.
22:57:800Michele De Carli: behind this system you have again a penum. Okay? And you have a doctor. Okay? So one that is distributing the air here. And then the air is entering through these 3 small noses. Okay, which are also. Okay, let's say, making 3 strings which can be orientated in a in a very, let's say
23:24:570Michele De Carli: in, let's say enough.
23:27:50Michele De Carli: You are free to to move and to adjust the chat flow into the different direction.
23:31:750Michele De Carli: Okay.
23:33:811Michele De Carli: and then we have the that's diffusers with the adjustable noses. So in this case you can see you have a cylinder. Okay, with basically some some holes in it. And by, and you can adjust the the where you can adjust the opening. Okay? So you have that this noses can be adjustable. Okay?
24:00:456Michele De Carli: Or the so-called test idols. Okay, so these are
24:06:926Michele De Carli: systems where you can have
24:10:475Michele De Carli: plastic ducts, basically, which can have some holes. Okay, large holes or small holes, or even perforated ducts. Okay, text. So-called textile ducts. So imagine to have like a a textile. So where you have the the spread out of the air through all your textile features. Okay? And and that's it. Okay, of course, these are very.
24:37:830Michele De Carli: They are relatively cheap. Okay? And they and the weight is is very small. Okay, of course. When you have the ventilation, then the systems are.
24:54:440Michele De Carli: are, are large. When you have no integration. Okay? They they are, I think, change. Yeah. Okay?
25:07:348Michele De Carli: Yes, not in less. But of course, okay.
25:11:840Michele De Carli: So some people could not like it. But of course, for
25:17:07Michele De Carli: industrial buildings. Okay, it's very good condition, because, especially in existing buildings. Okay, where you want to. Maybe. For instance, when you want to.
25:28:779Michele De Carli: If you want to decarbonize the industrial buildings, okay, usually you have some, or you can substitute the.
25:38:670Michele De Carli: The usually industrial business didn't
25:43:640Michele De Carli: existing buildings. They are just heated. Okay, they are not cool. Okay. But of course, if you want to improve, they come for 10 productivity of people. During summertime you can cool down the building, and this is a very easy system, and of course, due to the limited way you can install it also
26:03:660Michele De Carli: every time, because one of the problems that you might have in an industrial building existing industrial building is the
26:12:416Michele De Carli: the log. Right? That you cannot. You cannot keep too heavy structures on top. Because, because you might have problems. Okay? With this kind of system.
26:27:150Michele De Carli: 99% of the time, you have no problem in the in the wait. And so you can hang out to the system, and you can replace the existing
26:37:00Michele De Carli: air terminal unit, which is natural gas driven. Okay? Water. I mean, it doesn't matter with with a heat pump, and in that case you can have also, by sizing proper properly the
26:53:515Michele De Carli: thin coil. Okay? Then you can. Well, you can have also some some direct expansion units. Okay, in the industrial. Okay? So you can use either direct expansion units or a large speed system, let's say, or water based. Okay?
27:10:790Michele De Carli: solution. And you are depending on the how you size the boy. Okay, you can work with relatively low temperatures in winter. Okay? And you can cool down the the room. The building? Okay?
27:31:809Michele De Carli: Yes, of course, I wanted to show you this here.
27:35:390Michele De Carli: Okay, so here, you see, this is the nozzle. Okay, jet nozzle.
27:42:440Michele De Carli: Okay? So you can see, this is the small section of the system. So, as I told you, you can directly connect them into the
27:53:730Michele De Carli: or with a doctor. Okay?
27:56:597Michele De Carli: So the system doesn't need a plan in this case, because the due to the section you are. Then you are restricting the jet, and you have the jet flow entering the room. Okay? And the.
28:11:720Michele De Carli: And of course, as we will see. Okay, you have to take care about the the the direction that you need to consider with this gesturing, and according to the height, according to the different conditions. Okay, but we will go back
28:29:100Michele De Carli: to this point in a few slides. Okay. Here there is always the same people smoking a cigarette in the close to the air handling unit as you can as you can smell. Okay, so this is the the
28:43:190Michele De Carli: the at one maybe he has made. He's making, or she is making a pause, smoking a cigarette in the roof. Okay.
28:51:890Michele De Carli: So maybe it was not that bad to to left to to leave open the windows. Okay, and that's and that's it. Okay, so let's go on and just manage.
29:07:700Michele De Carli: okay, okay. So now what? Yes. Here again.
29:17:970Michele De Carli: as I told you in the previous so there are some concepts which are repeat, but doesn't matter. Okay, the Latins were saying. So here you can see the different types of whatever you have. Kind of system. Okay? Which is where you have sorry where you have a a
29:47:115Michele De Carli: page of section. Okay? And in this case, you transform the dynamic pressure into the
29:57:440Michele De Carli: static pressure. Okay, in order to stabilize the the airstream, the flow, the airflow. You can have a platinum in order, as we have seen, distribute the air into the different ducts, as in the mechanical mitigation system.
30:14:680Michele De Carli: or in yeah. For instance, in this case you could have this. This would be a another plane where you have some, let's say, 3 air terminal devices on the terminal, on the terminal devices itself the way whatever you have to.
30:33:369Michele De Carli: Whenever you need to have the air distribution into the room. You need to, set up a plan in order to distribute the air, to have a better distribution of the air into the room. Okay.
30:47:580Michele De Carli: okay.
30:49:540Michele De Carli: Remember. Also, another important issue is the silencer. Okay, I want to remind you to that the silencer, the the silences, are needed on both sides, on the supply air and and
31:08:280Michele De Carli: distribution network, and on the return
31:12:527Michele De Carli: air distribution looked okay before
31:18:670Michele De Carli: after the unit for the supply and before the new unit for the return. Okay.
31:26:610Michele De Carli: okay, then, I don't want to spend too much time on that. But I want to just highlight that
31:33:844Michele De Carli: whenever you have a near ventilation system near distribution system, okay?
31:41:158Michele De Carli: You have to consider. These special devices here, these are safety devices. Okay? Which are extremely important, because when you of course, when you have a problem or when you when in, in, not in residential buildings. But
32:03:157Michele De Carli: well, not in your side, not in your own house. Okay, but whenever you have 2 different environments and you have some, you have to. You have some safe for safety purposes, like, for instance, in this room here, you see, we have some
32:26:20Michele De Carli: some fire safety issues. Okay?
32:32:780Michele De Carli: Then you should. What you do. Usually you
32:37:110Michele De Carli: try to have from the architectural point of view, you try to
32:43:354Michele De Carli: you. You try to isolate one room to another. Okay? And the
32:52:500Michele De Carli: insulate one room to another. This is related to the fire.
32:57:930Michele De Carli: or that means for the fuse that they are produced inside of a room
33:02:870Michele De Carli: which are not, which they do not have to go in other rooms. Okay?
33:10:480Michele De Carli: also heat. Okay. So the the walls should resist for half an hour. 1 h. Okay, depending on the on what is required. And and and that's it. Okay? So of course, if you have. If you are using all the technical
33:34:90Michele De Carli: and if you are beating up to be
33:40:170Michele De Carli: in order to have one zone
33:43:280Michele De Carli: which is isolated to another zone from the fire point of view. Okay, of course, if you have
33:51:660Michele De Carli: air ducts going from one zone to another, you have always to keep these air ducts. Okay, fire resistor.
34:01:620Michele De Carli: Okay? So we can have a look here. You have 3 stores. Okay? 3 stories. Sorry. Yeah. 3 floors. You have the air handling unit on top of your roof. Okay?
34:18:429Michele De Carli: Of course, what I want to highlight here is that if I can.
34:26:250Michele De Carli: Okay, here, this is a
34:31:909Michele De Carli: what we usually should do. Okay, in order to try to avoid to try to avoid.
34:48:120Michele De Carli: Okay, perqueeno funciona Dea.
35:00:510Michele De Carli: if you want to try to avoid the short circuit. Okay, between the
35:05:137Michele De Carli: return air and the and the and the supply air pressure and the exhaust air. Okay, you need to separate. Keep separate the 2 section. Okay, then, of course, if there is someone smoking or goes by, it's not your. It's not your problem, but
35:20:690Michele De Carli: it's not your fault.
35:22:792Michele De Carli: but let's say that in this way the exhaust air. Okay, we may not mix. We do not. circulate again into the fresh air duct. Okay, so this is the exhaust, as you can see here from the with the arrows. Okay, so this is the outgoing air. And this is the fresh intake. Okay?
35:44:570Michele De Carli: So as you can see here, then, you have
35:49:180Michele De Carli: the the air is entering into this room here.
35:54:10Michele De Carli: this zone from the fire point of view. Okay, these are
35:58:603Michele De Carli: safety doors. Okay, which are representing the the safety doors for fires, which are also resistant. Okay, as on the walls, and so on. Then you have the duct is passing through the 3rd floor to the second floor here, and from the second floor to the 3rd floor. Okay? Because and here you can see you have
36:21:310Michele De Carli: the distribution of the air on top of your head. Okay, in this 1st and second floor in the ground floor. You have the distribution, let's say, from the bottom part of the room, which is also feasible, as we will see
36:35:430Michele De Carli: later on. Okay.
36:37:833Michele De Carli: but basically, you can see that you are in the circles are highlighting some sections where, in case of fire, you might have fire going from one side to another, or from one zone to another. Of course you are investing money, and you are trying to keep safe. Okay, the different zones from the fire. Which can, I mean, be generated in one of the zones.
37:07:170Michele De Carli: So what you should do you cannot make the system, the air distribution network
37:13:920Michele De Carli: being a a leakage, okay? Or a so you are not allowed to have smoke going from one side to another, due to the your ventilation system, because this is the leakest point. Okay?
37:32:122Michele De Carli: So in order to avoid the day fires transmission. Sorry, not the fire, but also the fire, but mainly usually the smoke. Okay, you have the so-called fire dumpers. These fire dampers are dampers, as we have seen last time. But basically
37:49:112Michele De Carli: due to the temperature that they have, they have a sense of temperature in case you reach a certain temperature, they immediately. Okay, shut down. Okay? And and you have them. They are closing, they are expanding. Okay? So in that case, you, the expansion of this system, will not allow to have the smoke transmission from one place to another.
38:16:200Michele De Carli: and being I mean fire resistant. They can last for half an hour, 1 h, depending on the requirements. Okay,
38:29:940Michele De Carli: okay, so that is, or right
38:38:590Michele De Carli: most of the fire dampers that you have installed in Europe are
38:43:610Michele De Carli: built here close by. Okay, so 60 70% of the fire dampers
38:49:420Michele De Carli: sold in Europe. Okay, they are made here in Veneto.
38:54:520Michele De Carli: more or less close by. Paddle. Okay? Okay.
39:02:110Michele De Carli: Now, so we won't talk anymore about the fire safety issues. Okay, remember that fire safety issues.
39:10:340Michele De Carli: Are really important. Okay, we have no time for that. Okay, and not need not even expert on that. Okay, so
39:20:890Michele De Carli: and but remember that it is a very important issue. Okay, okay.
39:30:330Michele De Carli: alright. So now, and and usually you have to follow a and and
39:41:850Michele De Carli: I mean suitable courses. Okay, which
39:45:570Michele De Carli: long for long time last for a long time. Sorry. And will allow you to. I mean to be.
39:55:380Michele De Carli: You have a final exam, okay? And then you can
39:59:453Michele De Carli: be allowed to to design fire protection system and be responsible or fire protection in buildings and in okay.
40:10:60Michele De Carli: okay, So
40:14:342Michele De Carli: so we have seen the different types of distribution system. Okay, now we go and see a little bit more the theory behind, and also which are the main parameters involved in the design of the systems. Okay.
40:32:530Michele De Carli: so let's start with the date
40:36:776Michele De Carli: with that, this and we will see the different also possibilities that we have to distribute the air inside of it. Okay, we start, of course with the most the the classic one. Okay, which is the most diffuse one.
40:53:327Michele De Carli: This is the so-called mixing ventilation.
40:56:550Michele De Carli: The mixed ventilation is and
41:04:520Michele De Carli: the distribution of the air, which is usually on the top side of the room.
41:12:160Michele De Carli: It could be on the ceiling, but we have seen that we can have this also on the side wall, right? In any case. Usually, this system here.
41:22:750Michele De Carli: this system is working in having air. And the room.
41:29:740Michele De Carli: Okay, we've got a certain velocity with a certain tubers.
41:36:250Michele De Carli: and this turbulance is dragging the the air in the room. Okay, in order to mix up with the fresh air and turning, and in that way to, let's say, distribute uniformly the temperature. And, as we see also the contaminants okay, and to dilute the contaminants into the room.
42:00:330Michele De Carli: Okay, of course. Usually, as we as we have here, that you can.
42:10:550Michele De Carli: beds are here, they are on the bottom of the room, so in this case the air is distributed into the room, is entering to the upper side room, and is then
42:24:570Michele De Carli: returning on the bottom part of them.
42:28:792Michele De Carli: What happens? So what is the the behavior from the fluid dynamic point of view? Okay, we won't go too much in detail. But let's say that basically.
42:41:470Michele De Carli: when let's consider. 1st of all, the isothermal jet. Okay? So usually the air enters as a set at a certain velocity.
42:58:210Michele De Carli: And in the 1st part of the jet, okay, you have a restriction of the jet is
43:05:180Michele De Carli: as you have. You should have seen in the previous the same hydraulic. Or let's say,
43:18:610Michele De Carli: fluid basic courses. Okay? So the air enters, and then the airs when it after a certain while the the throw is the jet is increasing the section. Okay.
43:39:170Michele De Carli: Of course, increasing. The section means that the room air enters into the the jet. Okay, so you are increasing the the flow rate of this jet. Okay? And of course, there is a as a result.
43:57:240Michele De Carli: or as a result, sorry of this increase of airflow due to the air which is dragged away from the room.
44:07:300Michele De Carli: Then you have a reduction of the velocity. Okay, if you could make a
44:17:640Michele De Carli: velocity distribution of this jet. Okay, you could see that basically, the distribution of the velocities inside of the jet would be something similar, where, of course.
44:29:770Michele De Carli: by increasing the depth of the jet. Okay, the velocities there is, there is 0 velocities will be more distributed, more uniform. Okay? When the jet is going into the room. Okay?
44:48:630Michele De Carli: And after a certain velocity, okay, you have almost a constant velocity through your jet.
44:59:610Michele De Carli: what are we interested in. Okay, of course, being Isothera. Okay? If this is a vertical section, okay, the jet will enter and we behave like that. Okay, so this is, let's say, the shape of the air stream. That object?
45:19:775Michele De Carli: Of course we are interested in the distance between the entering section and a residual velocity which
45:30:310Michele De Carli: is not provide as not causing draft risk. Okay, so what we want in a when
45:38:400Michele De Carli: distribute the air into the room
45:40:470Michele De Carli: is that we have no problem of draft. So what is the draft? Risk the local discomfort when we made the local discomfort condition parameters? We have seen that when you reach 0 point 15 0 point 20 meters per second of velocity. Okay.
46:00:450Michele De Carli: then, the draft risk is not really a problem. Okay? So
46:07:630Michele De Carli: if we know what we need to know as a designer is, which is the distance between the incoming sorry the inlet section of your
46:20:210Michele De Carli: jet up to a residual velocity of, let's say, between 0 point 15 and 0 point 25.
46:30:690Michele De Carli: Then if we reach this velocity.
46:33:640Michele De Carli: the draft risk is not a problem, because we have a low velocity which is not leading to a problem.
46:47:500Michele De Carli: All the deal doesn't.
46:51:61Michele De Carli: Yeah. Well, no. Okay, sorry. This is. Yeah. This is with a circular diffusion. Yes, or we also would agree, you can have this
47:00:570Michele De Carli: this decision. Yes, this is an example. Okay.
47:05:658Michele De Carli: If you have another type of system, if you have this system here. Okay, of course.
47:16:480Michele De Carli: Then you can see that the the air, the nursing is different.
47:23:150Michele De Carli: Okay, yes. So that is a good observation.
47:29:940Michele De Carli: So we call this distance air throw. The air throw is the jackpot
47:37:170Michele De Carli: is okay in Italian, and this is the air throw the air throw is then a parameter, which, of course, we when we size this system, we won't do a Cfd analysis. Okay? So we have to know. So the producer of this system has to provide us the throw, the the air throw. Okay? And of course.
48:04:900Michele De Carli: when we look at this, for instance.
48:09:150Michele De Carli: Okay, we have the oh, yeah. But yes, no, this is the where is it?
48:24:390Michele De Carli: Yeah, okay, you have the throw. Okay? So you you should have the throw.
48:31:700Michele De Carli: I don't see that I think it's here.
48:36:670Michele De Carli: Okay? In this case, you you can have the throw. Okay in meters.
48:41:410Michele De Carli: Okay, that you, you can cover depending on the
48:46:110Michele De Carli: flow rate and the velocity. Okay, on the type of system that you that you need. Okay, so maybe you, we can have a look this here.
49:01:888Michele De Carli: Okay, here, you see, you have the distance d plus
49:06:70Michele De Carli: this. Okay, this is the true. Okay, so for each, anyway, we will see
49:13:650Michele De Carli: tomorrow. Okay, how we had to manage the throw and how we can design the system. Anyway.
49:20:480Michele De Carli: this is to tell you the Jethro or air throw is an important parameter, because based on that we know where the air terminal device has to be installed.
49:35:930Michele De Carli: There is also another concept which is called the induction.
49:41:320Michele De Carli: Okay, or induction effort. Okay, what is the induction effort at the end?
49:49:920Michele De Carli: At the end? You can see that when you have every time you are, you have some air entering the room. Okay, you have the
50:00:320Michele De Carli: alright room air, which is like going to be dejective. Okay?
50:05:560Michele De Carli: And here you have a a let's say, a
50:13:820Michele De Carli: qualitative okay example of what you can get here. You have a jet.
50:18:660Michele De Carli: and in that case you can see that the volume of the the the darker blue. Okay, with the the light blue
50:26:210Michele De Carli: means that this is the jack entering the room, and this is the equivalent. Let's say, volume, which is okay. Drag
50:34:281Michele De Carli: volume of room air drag into this, Jack. Okay? So the ability of this Jack to drag other room air and to let's say to to have. Let's say
50:50:670Michele De Carli: air movement in the room.
50:53:580Michele De Carli: In this case you can see that the the jet is bigger and also the air drag volume is bigger. So that diffuse sorry. The induction coefficient is something that you are not able to to measure. Okay, so this is, let's say, a qualitative
51:14:990Michele De Carli: or you can. You can calculate this on a theoretical way. Okay, of course, when you are in a room you are not able to measure it. Okay.
51:25:640Michele De Carli: anyway, the overall flow rate that you're able to drag divided by the inlet air flow rate. Okay?
51:36:50Michele De Carli: So the fresh air that you are entering this is entering in. This is the induction coefficient? Okay? The induction coefficient means how much air you're able to move. Okay?
51:48:610Michele De Carli: So the drag air plus the in la care divided by the inlet carefully.
51:55:360Michele De Carli: Okay, so the bigger this induction coefficient, the bigger will be the air which you're able to drag into the
52:05:750Michele De Carli: jet stream, the stream in the in, the, in. The the greater the volume of the air that you are
52:12:380Michele De Carli: going to move into that.
52:14:100Michele De Carli: Okay, so usually you will, so it is not the.
52:22:940Michele De Carli: It is not the so the the figure, the number itself is not important.
52:30:240Michele De Carli: Sometimes you will hear about air terminal devices with high induction. The high induction means that they are able to penetrate into the room, and they're able to move to make more air. Moving. Okay, like the systems that we have seen before. Okay.
52:53:560Michele De Carli: like perforated ducts. Okay, the textile ducts. Also, they get the noses. Okay, they are okay. They are
53:03:420Michele De Carli: entering the room that they are moving here. Yes.
53:08:940Michele De Carli: okay. So the induction effect is the is a qualitative way. But sometimes, many times you will, you will hear about the high induction air terminal devices, especially in large rooms. Okay, where you need to cover big distances. Okay? With the objective. Okay? And that is quite important.
53:31:553Michele De Carli: Okay, no.
53:33:580Michele De Carli: What? The
53:38:810Michele De Carli: what happens when you are when you have the air entering the rooms? Well, of course, depending. We have seen the behavior
53:50:732Michele De Carli: of the jacket of the jet stream in isothermal condition.
53:58:190Michele De Carli: but many times you might have air, especially in full air system. Okay, the air is entering at greater or lower temperature with respect to the room. Okay, so especially with
54:12:50Michele De Carli: fuller system. If you, if the air enters at greater temperature than the room. Then you have a bias because the air entry is warmer than the room air. So due to the lower density. Okay, you will have due to the bias. The you will have. That. The with respect to the horizontal direction. Okay.
54:38:910Michele De Carli: you will have a an upwards. Drift. Okay?
54:47:586Michele De Carli: Of course, the greater the temperature difference between the supply here and the room, the greater this bound the buoyancy effect will be. Okay, that is why, okay, especially
55:01:630Michele De Carli: in new in new systems or new.
55:08:40Michele De Carli: It's me
55:10:410Michele De Carli: in new distribution system. You try to keep the temperature difference low. Also because what we have seen, if you are insulating better the room, you don't need really high temperature difference between the supply, the the inlet temperature and the room temperature. Okay.
55:28:370Michele De Carli: this is one of 1 point second point. If you're using a heat pump and you want to heat the air. Okay, then the lower the supply temperature of the air, the lower will be
55:39:350Michele De Carli: the temperature of the water in the coil. If you have a water based solution. Okay? Or
55:48:210Michele De Carli: if you have a direct expansion, point
55:51:300Michele De Carli: the lower. In any case the lower will be the condensation temperature of your heat, which is, of course, beneficial to the efficiency of the system. Okay? So both because you are, you have better insulation, and because you're using heat pump
56:09:626Michele De Carli: then they
56:11:460Michele De Carli: temperature there, entering the room. We all have to be limited, let's say, to 30 35 degrees also, which means 1015 degrees temperature, difference between the
56:23:360Michele De Carli: air, temperature, the inlet and the moon.
56:26:690Michele De Carli: which, of course, the lower the temperature, the lower the body is heated.
56:31:720Michele De Carli: Okay, the better distribution room. Okay.
56:35:390Michele De Carli: now, so this is, of course the the bias is mainly relevant. For, let's say, the efficiency of the distribution of the room.
56:46:770Michele De Carli: And so the uniform distribution of time for choosing the room.
56:54:340Michele De Carli: Yeah.
56:56:110Michele De Carli: mostly, or more dangerous. Okay, from the conference point of view, will be the air drop. Okay? So the fall of the airstream, due to the temperature of the air, entering the room at a lower temperature than the room.
57:15:890Michele De Carli: Okay? So if the air enters at 60 degrees.
57:19:630Michele De Carli: then you will have an airdrop, because the air will be more dense entering, so it will be more heavy
57:28:530Michele De Carli: area, and that means that it is falling down. So in that case you should consider which is the
57:39:380Michele De Carli: where the the fall of the jacked
57:47:880Michele De Carli: stream. Right? With respect to the uniform temperature that you have in the room.
57:53:700Michele De Carli: Okay, so this is important, because we've if they drop is to
58:02:530Michele De Carli: Hi. So if this Delta Z is becoming too big, okay, if this airdrop
58:16:170Michele De Carli: is becoming too big. Then
58:23:280Michele De Carli: you could enter into the
58:26:400Michele De Carli: occupied zone. And of course, if the if the residual velocity is too high, you will have a problem of draft risk. Okay?
58:37:420Michele De Carli: So what you should do, you should consider, where is your
58:45:320Michele De Carli: where, where it's position? They where is is located? They?
58:50:880Michele De Carli: Yeah terminal devices. And which is the phone
58:56:280Michele De Carli: of the airdrop. Okay? In order to, let's say, limit the
59:02:260Michele De Carli: and the height to, let's say 1.8 meters, which is the usual height. Okay, over the head.
59:11:800Michele De Carli: Or, as as in your case, that you are seated. Okay, of course. In that case, as
59:18:30Michele De Carli: I told you, it's 1.1. Okay, so 1.1 is the height of the head of a system. Okay, so in that case, by, when you size this system here, you have to take into account that let's say, from 3 meters, 3.5 meters. Then up to 1.1 meter, you need to consider that this is the maximum airdrop that you can allow for this distribution system.
59:44:840Michele De Carli: Okay?
59:47:660Michele De Carli: All right.
59:49:460Michele De Carli: Okay.
59:52:428Michele De Carli: So as we will see just to
59:56:440Michele De Carli: this is the what we are going to see tomorrow. So usually for the air distribution.
00:04:586Michele De Carli: The devices. Okay, the air conditioner devices. And usually you have the jet in the
00:15:750Michele De Carli: the throw is defined in isothermal condition, and then by considering a certain Delta T certain temperature difference between the inlet temperature and room temperature, you will have okay, the
00:28:840Michele De Carli: the phone. They they are drop. Okay, in terms of
00:35:177Michele De Carli: height. Okay? Or Delta z depending on the inlet temperature of the year. Okay? Good.
00:44:530Michele De Carli: Now, when we talk about air distribution in rooms, an important effect is coanda.
00:52:180Michele De Carli: Do you know who was gone? Then, you know who is?
01:00:810Michele De Carli: Yes, he was an engineer. He was Romanian. By the way, the airport of the airport in Bucharest is the airport in in Ucher is dedicated to him. Okay.
01:15:760Michele De Carli: yeah. I don't know how many patents like, okay.
01:20:490Michele De Carli: I think more than 20. But I'm not sure about that.
01:23:931Michele De Carli: Anyway. He was an engineer, and he was. He analyzed this effect. Okay, of course, in in empirical
01:33:280Michele De Carli: ratios. But let's say what happens. Basically, the contact is the effort that you have when you have a stream
01:41:740Michele De Carli: of fluid in this case, a stream. Okay? And so when
01:49:590Michele De Carli: we said that that basically in isothermal condition, okay, you have.
01:55:510Michele De Carli: you should have this. Okay, this shape.
01:58:940Michele De Carli: this distribution, like this one here. Okay? So we've let's say, undisturbed. If they imagine that what we have seen the undisturbed condition the airstream would would have been.
02:13:781Michele De Carli: something like that. Okay, in this case, or when the air
02:21:680Michele De Carli: stream is actually closer to a surface. Okay, basically, the effect is that the
02:29:390Michele De Carli: the airstream is getting closer. Okay to this surface. And the effect is, is not that
02:40:370Michele De Carli: it's related to the, to the presence of this wall. But this wall is not stopping their stream, but basically or it's stopping their stream. But just
02:52:660Michele De Carli: in the in the contact area. Okay.
02:56:480Michele De Carli: but then the other, the other region of the of the swim is day sliding on the
03:05:440Michele De Carli: on, the on the on the
03:08:380Michele De Carli: previous, let's say layers. And this will make the air flow and more in depth. Okay, so that is what happens. And basically, this is the effect which allows you to have a greater air jet into the room. Okay, so that is why, basically, you also work with these air thermal devices in order to be
03:34:400Michele De Carli: more okay at contact with the, with the, with the roof, and also the walls, because in that case they are, they enter more in depth in the room, and they are dragging more air. And and in that case you by having the same air flow rate, you will have a better or an increased penetration of the air stream
03:57:540Michele De Carli: into the room by also driving more air. Okay, so this is the quanda.
04:03:380Michele De Carli: Look on, the effect is, and to to play with this system here, or sorry. Not this system. With this principle. Usually you place the in in case you want to place the
04:20:742Michele De Carli: the air in
04:23:50Michele De Carli: the side wall. Usually you located and replace that at 30 cm. Okay, in order to allow the contact.
04:35:140Michele De Carli: If you have inside your application. You have the need to penetrate. Okay, all the room. And of course, if you if you work with the contact, you are able to to make the check
04:47:10Michele De Carli: entering more in depth. Okay?
04:50:480Michele De Carli: Okay. So at the end, you have a greater
04:56:760Michele De Carli: jet throw and less drop. Okay? Which is also beneficial. Because also, if you enter at lower temperature, okay, you avoid to have the jet
05:09:311Michele De Carli: the upper. Okay, due to the lower temperature. Okay?
05:15:920Michele De Carli: Okay? The.
05:19:580Michele De Carli: This is the problem of the shortcut. Okay, shortcut means that. And that is why usually we use some possible strategies.
05:30:780Michele De Carli: It's up. It's up to you. So I forgot to put the possible strategism.
05:37:790Michele De Carli: Anyway, there is one possible status. So basically, if you if you are, you think you're in right.
05:48:150Michele De Carli: Greece. Okay, here, and you
05:53:90Michele De Carli: have the return grill on the other side of the wall in the opposite direction.
05:58:782Michele De Carli: Of course, part of the air which entered the room will leave the room without okay or with the so called the shortcut. So what you have, what what you're going to do is basically that you have a a In zone of the room where you will have good air quality. So you are not mixing up the wood. It's all about the wood here. Okay?
06:23:60Michele De Carli: And in this case you are.
06:28:787Michele De Carli: You are not diluting. Okay? The
06:33:220Michele De Carli: contaminants that you have in the room. Okay? So with this shortcut, you will have a loss in the so-called
06:42:150Michele De Carli: effectiveness of regulation. Okay, so you're not. You're not providing. So what you usually do, you are okay, using
06:53:10Michele De Carli: the return grease on the bottom of the room in order to.
07:01:610Michele De Carli: Yeah, in case you have some problems in locating, because you are always to think about that. You might have problems from the architectural point of view. Okay, especially in retrofit condition. Okay? But
07:17:620Michele De Carli: in case you are, you need to have the return air
07:24:170Michele De Carli: also on the top of the room. Okay, what you should do. You should keep the 2. So the inlet and the outlet okay, close one to another. Okay, so one one possibility in case you have 2 is to put the inlet here and then the return grill
07:48:400Michele De Carli: below the Internet. So in this case you will try to avoid shortcut shortcut in this case due to the conduct. But you will be able to, anyway, to get the air entering the room, and you will have a very small amount of, or even no shortcut. Okay? So if the 2 the the supply air.
08:16:620Michele De Carli: Anthony and the Return Air section are close by.
08:22:171Michele De Carli: You're not, or you are.
08:24:779Michele De Carli: You have a limited effect on the shortcut. Okay? So you, you will have no shortcut, almost no shortcut. Okay.
08:35:990Michele De Carli: this is the the. This is what you should do in case you have to use both here
08:45:130Michele De Carli: system on the top of level.
08:47:779Michele De Carli: Okay? Good.
08:49:920Michele De Carli: No.
08:51:69Michele De Carli: This is all for mixing ventilation. Okay, but mixing ventilation
08:57:660Michele De Carli: by mixing regulation, you have a uniform distribution of air, but also of contaminants in the room, which is, I mean, reasonable. It's okay.
09:07:590Michele De Carli: But for some particular locations, especially where you have very clean air conditions. Okay? You might have a problem. If you are if you mix the the air because the all the pollution or the pollutants sorry the air will distribute uniformly in the room. Okay, with the mixing ventilation.
09:37:00Michele De Carli: because we want air entering with a certain velocity. Okay, for 5 meters per second.
09:43:279Michele De Carli: and with a a quite important tool. Bless, okay, in order to drag the room here.
09:53:279Michele De Carli: Imagine instead to have a uniform distribution along the whole area of of your roof. Okay?
10:06:100Michele De Carli: And to have, as in the case of mixing ventilation, they return on the bottom of the wall.
10:16:00Michele De Carli: Okay.
10:16:940Michele De Carli: so in this case, if you have a laminar flow. Okay, that is called also pistol ventilation or laminar ventilation. Okay.
10:25:420Michele De Carli: imagine that by, of course, by increasing the area of the air inlet, you will reduce the velocity, the speed of the air. Okay? So if, of course, here you have, like
10:43:680Michele De Carli: imagine that for each one of them. Okay, you have a a greater okay surface. So you have to
10:54:960Michele De Carli: put in the room the same air flow rate, but with a greater surface. Okay? So of course, the air flow rate
11:08:210Michele De Carli: divide by the Florida area. Sorry not the floor area.
11:15:580Michele De Carli: Okay, if you are, if you have the same volume, flow rate, but if they area will increase.
11:28:650Michele De Carli: the velocity will decrease, so the air will enter at very
11:36:840Michele De Carli: small velocity in laminar condition by having this more velocity. Okay, the air will move very slow.
11:46:680Michele De Carli: Lori, sorry.
11:48:230Michele De Carli: And you have that. Basically, the air is moving in a uniform way. Okay? Like a uniform wave. Okay?
11:58:160Michele De Carli: And this laminar flow is cleaning the air. Okay, from the top of the room
12:07:680Michele De Carli: towards the bottom part of the okay.
12:11:620Michele De Carli: Imagine that you have. If you have an operation an operational theater. Imagine that you have a people
12:18:120Michele De Carli: there. Okay? And you have doing the surgery operation or imagine that you have, like, you are producing some electronics where you don't need any pollution. Okay? Because it will affect, then the production of your
12:32:620Michele De Carli: chips or your TV size whatever.
12:37:110Michele De Carli: Okay, what is contaminating your your air will be then clean away. Of course
12:46:270Michele De Carli: you are starting with very clean air, and you will end with polluted air, but that is on the bottom part of your room. Who cares? What is important is that in your
12:59:670Michele De Carli: zone where you have their interest.
13:01:900Michele De Carli: you will have the better air quality, because you will have clean air without the effect of any other pollutant of any other disturbance, any other pollutant.
13:13:730Michele De Carli: of course, with respect to them, mixing ventilation.
13:20:450Michele De Carli: Okay, if you go, if you look at the concentration of contaminants.
13:26:490Michele De Carli: Okay.
13:27:720Michele De Carli: contrast. Sorry. This is the height, and this is the contrastion, the sorry concentration of contaminant with mixing ventilation.
13:37:250Michele De Carli: you will have a constant value of contaminants. Okay, with the
13:47:180Michele De Carli: with the laminar ventilation.
13:53:190Michele De Carli: The concentration of contaminants will be very small.
13:58:350Michele De Carli: Okay, and then it will increase.
14:01:50Michele De Carli: So the average is the same. But the greater concentration of contaminants will be on the bottom part of the room. But
14:10:20Michele De Carli: where we need to keep the air.
14:14:150Michele De Carli: where you have the process where you have the person that you are operating.
14:18:400Michele De Carli: the air quality will be great will be perfect. Okay?
14:24:440Michele De Carli: And the concentration of contaminants.
14:28:230Michele De Carli: We'd be much smaller here than with a mixing information.
14:33:790Michele De Carli: Okay, so this is the concept of clean rooms, white rooms, also called Gray room, so depending on the concentration of the contaminant that you are allowed to have in a room.
14:46:180Michele De Carli: Okay?
14:47:778Michele De Carli: They are called white rooms, green rooms, and so on.
14:52:310Michele De Carli: Of course, you need to keep the air velocity very small in order to avoid
15:00:80Michele De Carli: turbulences and drugs. Okay? So, but the air enters it
15:05:60Michele De Carli: 0 point 1 0 point 2 meters per second. Okay, so we have no problems in
15:10:300Michele De Carli: in ton races. Okay? And along the path it
15:17:360Michele De Carli: the concentration of pollutants will increase. Yes.
15:31:163Michele De Carli: no should be low. Yes should be below. Yes, sure.
15:38:340Michele De Carli: Okay, of course, you have to think about that the inlet would be
15:45:690Michele De Carli: much larger, so the initial cost the installation cost will be will be high, because you need that all your ceiling
15:56:280Michele De Carli: will be an every solution
15:59:330Michele De Carli: in their device, and that means that you will have an increase, a a high cost, right?
16:06:460Michele De Carli: But I mean, the side cost is also counterbalanced by a better air quality in the in the room, in the, in the, in the target
16:23:30Michele De Carli: volume of the room.
16:24:680Michele De Carli: Okay.
16:28:540Michele De Carli: okay, so this is the so-called the laminar ventilation. It's called piston. Okay? Because it's like a piston. Okay, it's
16:37:460Michele De Carli: they uniform air screen. Okay? Going downwards.
16:49:430Michele De Carli: there is a 3rd approach which is called displacement, ventilation. Okay, displacement, ventilation, dislocation. In Italian. Okay, it's
17:01:830Michele De Carli: displacement is a different way to ventilate. It's different compared to the other 2 types of ventilations.
17:11:870Michele De Carli: What do we do? Basically here, here we are working
17:19:220Michele De Carli: the opposite way. Okay, that we do with the webinar information.
17:26:270Michele De Carli: With this system we have that the and also another another
17:35:925Michele De Carli: way in respect to the, with respect to the the mix and ventilation.
17:42:680Michele De Carli: So we are.
17:45:30Michele De Carli: We have the air carrier devices which are located in the bottom part of the room.
17:51:870Michele De Carli: Okay, so air enters in the bottom part of the loop, and then we once the air
18:04:170Michele De Carli: he's a is or meets the
18:11:656Michele De Carli: heat sources. People lands gate, PC, and so on.
18:17:720Michele De Carli: Due to the biography effect. Okay, the air goes towards upwards. Okay?
18:24:750Michele De Carli: And the effect is to have a
18:28:634Michele De Carli: smaller. Sorry. The lower part of the room at lower temperature and the
18:38:410Michele De Carli: top part of the room at greater temperature, but the effect is also to have. Not only so, the effect is to have a
18:50:860Michele De Carli: on the temperature point of view, this is Zed.
18:57:930Michele De Carli: and this is the temperature. Okay.
19:00:780Michele De Carli: The effect of the temperature is to be lower
19:05:410Michele De Carli: in the bottom part of the room and greater in the top part of the room. But also, if we consider the concentration of contaminants.
19:16:780Michele De Carli: No, okay. Sorry.
19:25:140Michele De Carli: The
19:26:230Michele De Carli: if we look at the concentration of contaminants. Okay? Then we will have also that the bottom part of the room in a similar way the contaminants will be
19:40:420Michele De Carli: lower in concentration
19:42:760Michele De Carli: in the bottom part of the room, and greater in the top part of the room, because here we have the inlet.
19:51:360Michele De Carli: and here we have the return.
19:54:800Michele De Carli: This is the supply.
19:58:920Michele De Carli: And this is the return. Okay?
20:06:910Michele De Carli: So basically, if we had a person here, the air quality with respect today.
20:27:620Michele De Carli: mixing ventilation.
20:30:410Michele De Carli: Okay, the concentration of Canton here would be smaller.
20:37:680Michele De Carli: So that means that we have a dagger in the quality
20:41:520Michele De Carli: than with the mixing ventilation. Okay?
20:45:740Michele De Carli: And we will see that
20:49:520Michele De Carli: later or tomorrow. Okay, so
20:54:720Michele De Carli: of course, we need to have air entering the room
21:02:500Michele De Carli: on the bottom part of the room.
21:05:400Michele De Carli: And then, when we have people liking objects, resources, heat sources. Inside of the room.
21:14:110Michele De Carli: we have the so called blue effect. Okay, so we have you, which is
21:19:240Michele De Carli: due to the biensing effect. Okay, basically, hey? So you need to keep
21:26:00Michele De Carli: the air entering the room at very small velocity.
21:29:760Michele De Carli: because we have to avoid the draft through because one of the the
21:36:850Michele De Carli: the feet. Okay, are a sensible part of the air draft. Okay?
21:43:340Michele De Carli: So we need to keep their velocity. There's more there.
21:47:380Michele De Carli: Okay? And of course, when the air is okay, is reaching our body, the
21:58:630Michele De Carli: temperature, our body, or other objects and the heat resources in the room. We are heating up the air. Okay? So, due to the buoyancy effect.
22:08:910Michele De Carli: the air is going on the top side of the room.
22:13:40Michele De Carli: and and then we, we have the exhaust on the
22:17:780Michele De Carli: the upper side of the room. Okay, okay? So oh, oh.
22:26:310Michele De Carli: okay. So we have 2 mechanisms. Basically. Okay, so the Air Inlet
22:31:60Michele De Carli: and the room except, okay. But it takes 5 timing soon to explain them. So we
22:40:770Michele De Carli: leave this issue for tomorrow. Okay? And that's all for today.
22:48:775Michele De Carli: So we meet again tomorrow. Okay, okay.
23:01:640Michele De Carli: yes.