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00:05:670Michele De Carli: Okay. So now we move into the distribution network. Okay, so
00:15:10Michele De Carli: so we have seen the with the system, we we have seen data and the units.
00:20:940Michele De Carli: air handling units that can be used. What we have seen are the basics for the air handling units. Okay for
00:30:110Michele De Carli: all full air system and air and mixed air and waters.
00:37:560Michele De Carli: Now, we have seen what this box makes. Okay, now, we can consider this box. Okay, now, the air gets out from this box, and we have to distribute it in the rooms. So how can we do them? Can we do that? And which are the technologies involved in the distribution. So in driving the air into the into the building.
01:09:310Michele De Carli: Okay, so basically, the distribution is mainly driven by the dance. Okay? So
01:23:23Michele De Carli: here, you no, no, you cannot see that.
01:30:140Michele De Carli: No, okay. But behind this air diffusers. Okay, you have the you have the dots. Okay, so this is the final end of our system. Okay, so these are the so-called air terminal devices or air terminal units. Okay?
01:51:930Michele De Carli: And from the air in the unit to here we have to drive the air and to drive the air. We use the dots. The dots are made usually in steel. Okay? Well, we have several materials that we see
02:09:300Michele De Carli: 2 main shapes. Okay, one is the circular ductor. Okay, which is, of course, interesting. But these
02:22:970Michele De Carli: it is a more expensive solution than the square or rectangular dots. Okay, so usually, what you use in in small application, or if the diameter of the
02:40:170Michele De Carli: that is limited equivalent millimeter, you see. Then we use circular. That's if we have
02:49:575Michele De Carli: to drive. We have to move more flow or or
02:55:400Michele De Carli: pro rates greater than the usual prorated that we have in
03:00:200Michele De Carli: small and residential applications. Then we use printer on a platform.
03:06:393Michele De Carli: Of course, usually they are located on top of our head. Okay? So they are hanging from the ceiling. Okay, so we need to fix them and to fix them. We can have in this case. If it's circular, we can use metallic stripe. Okay, like in, as you can see here, if we have the, usually you can see this paper?
03:34:860Michele De Carli: of element. Okay, which is then linked with the expansion plan. Okay, okay, on the scene
03:49:880Michele De Carli: about the. And then, of course, you have to think about this, that this
03:55:646Michele De Carli: rectangular dots. Okay, they they might be
04:00:740Michele De Carli: they might have a size of your
04:03:720Michele De Carli: this one table or 2 tables. Okay, of course, the greater the the did I mention.
04:12:730Michele De Carli: the greater the weight. Okay? And you have to hang up this this element. Okay? So so you have to handle. Okay, this system, and you have to join this system together. So you will hang one system. Then you have to join
04:32:270Michele De Carli: the the system which is already on the on the scene with another system. And here you can see the different joints that you can do between the dots. Okay? So here you can see there is a slide on reach to press. Okay? Like with flanges. Okay? Here, you can see the and the line and the end
04:59:510Michele De Carli: section of the doctor. Okay, you can see that. It. Can. You need to have this kind of stuff? Okay, in order to let's say to merge one duct to another. Okay? And in this case you can have also, okay, also, these are with flanges. These are called reverse flanges. Okay? And of course, you can put some some.
05:33:840Michele De Carli: yes.
05:35:40Michele De Carli: What is your investment? Okay, between one. Okay,
05:42:950Michele De Carli: And then there is also this solution, which is especially used, for instance, for no metallic dust, as we will see. Okay, which is called in Italian. Okay? So they are. So there are different ways to merge together, to couple together mechanically. This system.
06:02:290Michele De Carli: of course, what you need is to have a good match between the 2 dots because you should try to avoid exfiltration. Okay? Because if you have exfiltration, then you will never. You will get lower amount of air in the tune.
06:22:310Michele De Carli: There are technologies to match or to check it there.
06:27:350Michele De Carli: The-the-, it is okay. While you are building up the dots. Okay? So that means.
06:34:710Michele De Carli: there is a standardized solution for that. So it is possible to check. If you have leakages on the way, you are
06:42:850Michele De Carli: the demand, the the distributions
06:48:239Michele De Carli: the ducts. You can see they are. They have this shape. Okay? So they have. An external on the outer shell of the duct. You have some? some. Let's say
07:07:350Michele De Carli: some. You you do some mechanical works. Okay? So you can see that they can be either so-called transfer stiffen duct. Okay? Or cross. Duct. Okay? So these mechanical features are down in order to enhance the robustness.
07:32:740Michele De Carli: the robustness of the to make the the dust more robust. Okay, so as to avoid the
07:41:560Michele De Carli: fluctuation. The vibration. Okay? Because you have to think about it here. Inside, you have air. Okay with turbulences and the turbulences cannot generate vibration. Okay? So in order to limit the vibrations and to have lower vibration, which means noise, generation around the doctor. They are. They have a particular. They have this kind of particular feature. Okay?
08:09:260Michele De Carli: More. Robust from the mechanical point of view.
08:18:570Michele De Carli: Yes. The steel sheet metal ducts. Okay, they are, of course, heavy. Okay, this is 1 point.
08:29:440Michele De Carli: the second point especially well, especially
08:32:659Michele De Carli: for especially yes, for the supply air ductor, because you might have cold air in summer in order to and of course, if you have a full air system also, if you want to heat the buildings, you need insulation, and so usually, you insulate the supply
08:55:540Michele De Carli: doctor.
08:57:190Michele De Carli: Okay, you usually do not insulate the return because it is at the same temperature as the room. Okay, of course, if you are crossing external area or unheated area in unheated spaces, then you have also to insulate the return. If you are.
09:31:370Michele De Carli: it's a
09:32:460Michele De Carli: no, we haven't. No, in this case, if you use the metal sheet that you have to insulate them, and usually you do that with the glass.
09:40:510Michele De Carli: This one right, we will see them.
09:46:820Michele De Carli: Now, the other okay, which are potentially what are. So they are heavy. You have to insulate them. Okay, so you need work. Then you need the
09:58:840Michele De Carli: So they they, they come to the to the work area.
10:06:260Michele De Carli: the working area. And they are already okay. Prefabricated. Okay.
10:12:70Michele De Carli: if you have to insulate them. You have to slate on site. Okay? So you have an additional
10:17:180Michele De Carli: work that you have to do. But of course they resist to high pressure difference between
10:24:220Michele De Carli: stream and outdoor. Okay? Since they are heavy and you have to insulate them on site
10:33:451Michele De Carli: in the nineties. Okay. Beginning of nineties a company from close here to Padua. Okay, they propose the solution, which is a sandwich solution between 2 aluminum foils. Okay? And you have polyurethane foam. Okay?
10:51:410Michele De Carli: So these are prefabricated dots which are insulated. Okay? And they are very light. Okay? So you can see, this will be never possible. You can see that they are very light. So you can handle them in a very, very easy way. Usually you can, you can build them on site. Okay? By simply,
11:20:110Michele De Carli: working like this. Okay? And then you have tapes to put on the on the edge of these dots. But this is, I mean, quite
11:30:80Michele De Carli: like a quicker solution. And and then you can deduct. Okay, you can see here you can deductible
11:37:400Michele De Carli: the system. Of course they are. They have several pros. There is one con, which is that the pressure that you can use on the stream inside of the ductor cannot be too high, because
11:52:930Michele De Carli: course update man. I mean, it cannot resist to high pressure, to very high pressures. Okay?
12:00:261Michele De Carli: So that is the main call.
12:06:760Michele De Carli: I don't remember exactly day
12:10:617Michele De Carli: but anyway, they haven't. The the other point is that they are completely transparent to noise. Okay, so if you have noise generation from one room to another, the noise
12:21:500Michele De Carli: practically
12:22:810Michele De Carli: diffuse from one noisy room to another. Okay, which is not really 100 central with the other solution. But there are. You can
12:33:770Michele De Carli: also this stuff here.
12:37:930Michele De Carli: Okay.
12:40:200Michele De Carli: And then, of course, for the
12:43:630Michele De Carli: these are the main dots for the secondary branches. Okay, you can use the same. I didn't report it here, but you can use the same
13:06:610Michele De Carli: flexible. That's that we have seen. Okay, the ones that we have seen for the and
13:13:780Michele De Carli: I mean for connecting the
13:17:440Michele De Carli: heated, the the ventilation unit to the, to the, to the plan that we have seen in the mechanical control ventilation system. Okay, you can use this kind of dots. Okay, they prefabricated.
13:30:480Michele De Carli: And it's good for the second patches. Okay? Okay.
13:39:830Michele De Carli: So that's they are responsible to drive here from the
13:45:620Michele De Carli: and the unit to the rooms meanwhile, or in along the past. Okay, you can use the dampers.
13:54:890Michele De Carli: Okay?
13:56:260Michele De Carli: So the dampers will are also called equalizing dampers, or or which means that they are used to to equalize, to to tune. Okay, the
14:13:330Michele De Carli: see, you are going to size,
14:21:390Michele De Carli: A duck distribution network? Okay?
14:24:890Michele De Carli: But then, at the end, once you have built up the system, okay, in order to check, or this, or to to be sure that from each of these air terminal arises, you have a certain
14:41:370Michele De Carli: prorate. Okay, you needed to make a final by hand adjustment. Okay? And usually what you do, you are using one of these system. Okay, you can use this system for stabilizing or to equalize the balance or to balance. Let's say the network. Okay for
15:02:640Michele De Carli: and for
15:07:420Michele De Carli: this is okay. But you can do also this in the branches. So in the primary or secondary branches. So what you do, you can use this system. Okay, for also for balancing flow rates.
15:26:410Michele De Carli: But you can. Or so that. And that means that you do it once? Okay, at the beginning. Okay, when you, when you make the final check of the the heating and cooling network, or the sorry of the of the ventilation system in this case.
15:42:190Michele De Carli: or if you have variable for it, you can use this system also to
15:47:370Michele De Carli: to manage. Okay, the the prorate. If you have a variable air volume system or a demand control integration system. Okay? Usually, you use this kind of system here. So the butterfly blade adapter
16:06:400Michele De Carli: by abstracting slightly or more
16:10:608Michele De Carli: more or less, the Sec cross section of the airflow. The stream. You can.
16:17:130Michele De Carli: Oh, your control. Okay, based based on the the.
16:23:760Michele De Carli: on the positioning of your of your blade. Okay?
16:30:10Michele De Carli: And by the partial pressure you will know more. Okay. And you will know, therefore, to this blade. So
16:50:230Michele De Carli: at the end they can be used for
16:54:20Michele De Carli: balancing the system once at the beginning, or if you have a variable flow rate system, they can be electric electric driven
17:07:760Michele De Carli: dampers. Okay? Which can be which can be sorry dampers which can be used to modulate, to, to tune or to control. And
17:23:79Michele De Carli: okay, okay, so what are how are these systems? Okay, these are the 1st 2 are the ones that we have seen also on the 800 unit, okay, which are kept in the 800 unit. So we have rectangular equalizing dampers. Okay, you, we have seen, I told, I have seen. I have shown you this yesterday. Okay, so in this case, they have. They can be rotated. Okay? And in this way, you are.
17:52:450Michele De Carli: you are.
17:54:240Michele De Carli: You are increasing or decreasing. The pressure drops across this this system. Okay.
18:02:350Michele De Carli: we can have the so called the iris dampers. Okay? So you can see by you have here,
18:10:710Michele De Carli: and can rotate this level, this.
18:16:610Michele De Carli: this system here. Okay, by rotating. You're closing. Okay? The the iris shape system. Okay, by
18:27:424Michele De Carli: leaving a a greater, smaller hole in the center of the ductor. Okay, but and that's increasing or decreasing the pressure drop, and
18:37:650Michele De Carli: as a consequence, by decreasing or increasing the fluorine. Okay, if you increase the pressure drop, you will decrease the fluorine.
18:47:530Michele De Carli: Okay?
18:49:287Michele De Carli: Then you have the butterfly dampers, okay, or blade dampers.
18:54:280Michele De Carli: And then you have the so-called slide. Okay?
19:00:510Michele De Carli: So in that case, by moving this shape you will abstract more or less the perception.
19:07:220Michele De Carli: And then you can, of course, in case of variable volume system, you can activate the the system by an electric engine or an operator. Okay, of course, that will be costly, because that means that you need a wire and of course a a management system to control all the
19:33:898Michele De Carli: the equalizing dampers through your ventilation
19:41:740Michele De Carli: from one another.
19:45:170Michele De Carli: Okay,
19:47:530Michele De Carli: And then we have these devices. Okay, which are so called air diffusers. Okay.
19:53:150Michele De Carli: we just have a look at that. And then we see some technical sheets next time. So next week I want to remind you that tomorrow we have no classes. Okay, no lectures. If you want to come, you can come. I will not be here. It's up to you so tomorrow, by the way, is
20:12:120Michele De Carli: Wednesday. So it's Wednesday students, nights, or,
20:18:790Michele De Carli: okay? So so so you earn 2 h of space. Okay, so these are you, you can have different types of system. Okay of in like unit and basically they are. I mean, they are. So
20:38:820Michele De Carli: you have a so wide variety in order to adapt to the architectural or indoor designers.
20:49:288Michele De Carli: Phoenix, okay, or or
20:51:680Michele De Carli: or tastes. Okay? And basically they work. The principle is the same as we see? Okay, so the basic working principle is to have a circular flow. Okay, so a circular flow, which means that it's a radial flow. Okay from the center. Okay, also, this system here, basically the one that we have here. And basically they spread the the stream. Okay.
21:21:700Michele De Carli: and the main idea is to create turbulences in order to drag room air. Okay, to to move the
21:34:110Michele De Carli: in order to move the, to mix the air. It's called mixing ventilation, by the way, and this is the usual way. We introduce the air in the room by let's say.
21:48:127Michele De Carli: systems which are on the top side of the room. Okay. So we create these 2 noises. And the idea is to mix up as much as possible here in order to have the uniform conditions inside of them. Okay.
22:03:420Michele De Carli: alright. So I think it's all for today.
22:07:610Michele De Carli: I don't know if I will have time to upload them a lecture online. Okay?
22:14:100Michele De Carli: If not, in case we need that to to
22:18:290Michele De Carli: to have an additional letter. We will do that. I mean from here to May. Okay.
22:25:841Michele De Carli: Okay. Have a nice Wednesday night tomorrow and have a nice weekend. Okay? And we meet again on Monday.